---
title: Isaiah 16:4 (JPS 1917) — Let mine outcasts dwell with thee; as for Moab, be thou a covert to… · tree and pragmatics
description: Let mine outcasts dwell with thee; as for Moab, be thou a covert to him from the face of the spoiler.' For the extortion is at an end, spoiling ceaseth, they that trampled down are consumed out of the land; Who acts: you, outcasts, thou, extortion. Isaiah 16:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree an
---

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# Isaiah 16:4 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Let mine outcasts dwell with thee; as for Moab, be thou a covert to him from the face of the spoiler.' For the extortion is at an end, spoiling ceaseth, they that trampled down are consumed out of the land;

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, outcasts, thou, extortion, spoiling · **What happens:** let, dwell, be, cease, trample down, consume · **To what, where:** outcasts, covert, Moab, face, end, land

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 16:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, outcasts, thou, extortion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:348
# text = Let mine outcasts dwell with thee; as for Moab, be thou a covert to him from the face of the spoiler.' For the extortion is at an end, spoiling ceaseth, they that trampled down are consumed out of the land;
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	mine	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	outcasts	outcast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	dwell	dwell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	obl	_	_
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	10	case	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	Moab	Moab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
13	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	nsubj	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	covert	covert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	parataxis	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nmod	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	spoiler	spoiler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
25	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
26	For	for	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	extortion	extortion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
29	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	cop	_	_
30	at	at	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	parataxis	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
34	spoiling	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	_
35	ceaseth	cease	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
37	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	42	nsubj:pass	_	_
38	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	39	nsubj	_	_
39	trampled	trample	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	37	acl:relcl	_	_
40	down	down	ADP	RP	_	39	compound:prt	_	_
41	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	42	aux:pass	_	_
42	consumed	consume	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	parataxis	_	_
43	out	out	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
44	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	fixed	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	_
47	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | mine outcasts |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **dwell** | infinitive | mine outcasts *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with thee | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with thou=Location |
| 3 | **is a** | infinitive | thou | a covert | Moab | the face of the spoiler |  | as Moab | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present | the extortion |  |  |  | at a end |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **cease** | present | spoiling |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 6 | **trample down** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **consume** | present · passive |  | outcasts *= outcast* |  | the land |  |  | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: subject=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
יָג֤וּרוּ בָךְ֙ נִדָּחַ֔י מוֹאָ֛ב הֱוִי־סֵ֥תֶר לָ֖מוֹ מִפְּנֵ֣י שׁוֹדֵ֑ד כִּֽי־אָפֵ֤ס הַמֵּץ֙ כָּ֣לָה שֹׁ֔ד תַּ֥מּוּ רֹמֵ֖ס מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ׃

[Isaiah 16:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.16.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:348` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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