---
title: Isaiah 17:9 (JPS 1917) — In that day shall his strong cities be as the forsaken places, which… · tree and pragmatics
description: In that day shall his strong cities be as the forsaken places, which were forsaken from before the children of Israel, after the manner of woods and lofty forests; and it shall be a desolation. Who acts: strong cities, city. Isaiah 17:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ever
---

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# Isaiah 17:9 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In that day shall his strong cities be as the forsaken places, which were forsaken from before the children of Israel, after the manner of woods and lofty forests; and it shall be a desolation.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** strong cities, city · **What happens:** be, forsake · **To what, where:** forsaken places, desolation

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 17:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (strong cities, city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:368
# text = In that day shall his strong cities be as the forsaken places, which were forsaken from before the children of Israel, after the manner of woods and lofty forests; and it shall be a desolation.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	cop	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	forsaken	forsake	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	forsaken	forsake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl:relcl	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	before	before	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	after	after	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nmod	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
30	lofty	lofty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	forests	forest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	conj	_	_
32	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
34	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
35	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
36	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	cop	_	_
37	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	desolation	desolation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | shall | man's strong cities |  |  |  |  | as the forsaken places and a desolation | tree rules |
| 2 | **forsake** | past · passive |  | the forsaken places and a desolation |  |  | after the manner of woods and lofty forests | from the children of Israel | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | shall | city | a desolation |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
בַּיּ֨וֹם הַה֜וּא יִהְי֣וּ ׀ עָרֵ֣י מָעֻזּ֗וֹ כַּעֲזוּבַ֤ת הַחֹ֙רֶשׁ֙ וְהָ֣אָמִ֔יר אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָזְב֔וּ מִפְּנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְהָיְתָ֖ה שְׁמָמָֽה׃

[Isaiah 17:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.17.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:368` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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