---
title: Isaiah 17:12 (JPS 1917) — Ah, the uproar of many peoples, that roar like the roaring of the se… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ah, the uproar of many peoples, that roar like the roaring of the seas; and the rushing of nations, that rush like the rushing of mighty waters! Who acts: uproar, rushing, seas. Isaiah 17:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 17:12 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ah, the uproar of many peoples, that roar like the roaring of the seas; and the rushing of nations, that rush like the rushing of mighty waters!

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** uproar, rushing, seas · **What happens:** roar, rush · **To what, where:** nations, mighty waters

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 17:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (uproar, rushing, seas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:371
# text = Ah, the uproar of many peoples, that roar like the roaring of the seas; and the rushing of nations, that rush like the rushing of mighty waters!
1	Ah	ah	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	uproar	uproar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	roar	roar	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	roaring	roaring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	seas	sea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	rushing	rush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj	_	_
25	rush	rush	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	acl:relcl	_	_
26	like	like	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	rushing	rush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	_
32	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: fragment
- act: evaluate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: changed form=frag

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roar** | present | the uproar of many peoples and the rushing of nations |  |  |  |  | like the roaring of the seas | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **rush** | present | the rushing of nations |  |  |  |  | like the rushing of mighty waters | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **roar** |  | the seas |  |  |  |  |  | nom roaring «event intransitive»: of=agent |
| 4 | **rush** |  |  | nations |  |  |  |  | nom rush «act transitive»: of=patient |
| 5 | **rush** |  |  | mighty waters |  |  |  |  | nom rush «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
ה֗וֹי הֲמוֹן֙ עַמִּ֣ים רַבִּ֔ים כַּהֲמ֥וֹת יַמִּ֖ים יֶהֱמָי֑וּן וּשְׁא֣וֹן לְאֻמִּ֔ים כִּשְׁא֛וֹן מַ֥יִם כַּבִּירִ֖ים יִשָּׁאֽוּן׃

[Isaiah 17:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.17.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:371` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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