---
title: Isaiah 17:13 (JPS 1917) — The nations shall rush like the rushing of many waters; but He shall… · tree and pragmatics
description: The nations shall rush like the rushing of many waters; but He shall rebuke them, and they shall flee far off, and shall be chased as the chaff of the mountains before the wind, and like the whirling dust before the storm. Who acts: nations, rushing. Isaiah 17:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree
---

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# Isaiah 17:13 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nations shall rush like the rushing of many waters; but He shall rebuke them, and they shall flee far off, and shall be chased as the chaff of the mountains before the wind, and like the whirling dust before the storm.

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**Who acts:** nations, rushing · **What happens:** rush, rebuke, flee, chase · **To what, where:** nations, wind, many waters

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 17:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nations, rushing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:372
# text = The nations shall rush like the rushing of many waters; but He shall rebuke them, and they shall flee far off, and shall be chased as the chaff of the mountains before the wind, and like the whirling dust before the storm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	rush	rush	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rushing	rush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
12	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	rebuke	rebuke	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	flee	flee	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	_
22	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	23	advmod	_	_
23	off	off	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
27	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	aux:pass	_	_
28	chased	chase	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	_
29	as	as	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	chaff	chaff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	_
35	before	before	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
40	like	like	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
42	whirling	whirling	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	amod	_	_
43	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	_
44	before	before	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nmod	_	_
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rush** | shall | the nations |  |  |  |  | like the rushing of many waters | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **rebuke** | shall | rushing *= rush* | nations *= nation* |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 3 | **flee** | shall | nations *= nation* |  |  |  |  | off *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **chase** | shall · passive | rushing *= rush* *not said here* |  |  | the wind |  | as the chaff of the mountains | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: before wind=Trajectory |
| 5 | **rush** |  |  | many waters |  |  |  |  | nom rush «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לְאֻמִּ֗ים כִּשְׁא֞וֹן מַ֤יִם רַבִּים֙ יִשָּׁא֔וּן וְגָ֥עַר בּ֖וֹ וְנָ֣ס מִמֶּרְחָ֑ק וְרֻדַּ֗ף כְּמֹ֤ץ הָרִים֙ לִפְנֵי־ר֔וּחַ וּכְגַלְגַּ֖ל לִפְנֵ֥י סוּפָֽה׃

[Isaiah 17:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.17.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:372` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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