--- title: Isaiah 18:7 (JPS 1917) — In that time shall a present be brought unto the LORD of hosts of a… · tree and pragmatics description: In that time shall a present be brought unto the LORD of hosts of a people tall and of glossy skin, and from a people terrible from their beginning onward; a nation that is sturdy and treadeth down, whose land the rivers divide, to the place of the name of the LORD of hosts, the mount Zion. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, nation, rivers, shoots), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ISA:382 # text = In that time shall a present be brought unto the LORD of hosts of a people tall and of glossy skin, and from a people terrible from their beginning onward; a nation that is sturdy and treadeth down, whose land the rivers divide, to the place of the name of the LORD of hosts, the mount Zion. 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det _ _ 3 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 4 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 present present NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj:pass _ _ 7 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 8 aux:pass _ _ 8 brought bring VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 9 unto unto ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 12 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nmod _ _ 14 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nmod _ _ 17 tall tall ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 glossy glossy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 24 from from ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl:agent _ _ 27 terrible terrible ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 28 from from ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ _ 30 beginning beginning NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 31 onward onward ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 32 ; ; PUNCT : _ 34 punct _ _ 33 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 nation nation NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 parataxis _ _ 35 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 37 nsubj _ _ 36 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 cop _ _ 37 sturdy sturdy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 acl:relcl _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 39 treadeth tread VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 conj _ _ 40 down down ADP RP _ 39 compound:prt _ _ 41 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 42 whose whose PRON WP$ Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel 43 nmod:poss _ _ 43 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 obj _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 rivers river NOUN NNS Number=Plur 46 nsubj _ _ 46 divide divide VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 acl:relcl _ _ 47 , , PUNCT , _ 50 punct _ _ 48 to to ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 obl _ _ 51 of of ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 52 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 53 name name NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 nmod _ _ 54 of of ADP IN _ 56 case _ _ 55 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 56 det _ _ 56 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 53 nmod _ _ 57 of of ADP IN _ 58 case _ _ 58 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 56 nmod _ _ 59 , , PUNCT , _ 62 punct _ _ 60 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 62 det _ _ 61 mount mount NOUN NN Number=Sing 62 compound _ _ 62 Zion zion PROPN NNP Number=Sing 56 appos _ _ 63 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **bring** | shall · passive | a people | a present | | | time | unto the LORD of hosts of a people | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | | 2 | **is** | present | a nation | | | | | sturdy *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **tread down** | present | a nation *not said here* | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **divide** | present | the rivers | land | | | | to the place of the name of the LORD of hosts | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Theme | | 5 | **begin** | | shoots *= shoot* | | | | | | nom beginning «event transitive»: poss=agent | | 6 | **name** | | | the LORD of hosts | | | | | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} בָּעֵת֩ הַהִ֨יא יֽוּבַל־שַׁ֜י לַיהוָ֣ה צְבָא֗וֹת עַ֚ם מְמֻשָּׁ֣ךְ וּמוֹרָ֔ט וּמֵעַ֥ם נוֹרָ֖א מִן־ה֣וּא וָהָ֑לְאָה גּ֣וֹי ׀ קַו־קָ֣ו וּמְבוּסָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר בָּזְא֤וּ נְהָרִים֙ אַרְצ֔וֹ אֶל־מְק֛וֹם שֵׁם־יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת הַר־צִיּֽוֹן׃ס [Isaiah 18:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.18.7/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:382` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Isaiah 18:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.381/) - next →: [Isaiah 19:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.383/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 18:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.18.7/)