--- title: Isaiah 19:18 (JPS 1917) — In that day there shall be five cities in the land of Egypt that spe… · tree and pragmatics description: In that day there shall be five cities in the land of Egypt that speak the language of Canaan, and swear to the LORD of hosts; one shall be called The city of destruction. Who acts: five cities. Isaiah 19:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.402/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/19/) / [19:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.19.18/) / JPS 1 # Isaiah 19:18 · JPS 1917 In that day there shall be five cities in the land of Egypt that speak the language of Canaan, and swear to the LORD of hosts; one shall be called The city of destruction. **Who acts:** five cities · **What happens:** be, speak, swear, call · **To what, where:** language, one · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Isaiah 19:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (five cities), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ISA:402 # text = In that day there shall be five cities in the land of Egypt that speak the language of Canaan, and swear to the LORD of hosts; one shall be called The city of destruction. 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det _ _ 3 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 4 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 6 expl _ _ 5 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 6 be be VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 7 five five NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 8 nummod _ _ 8 cities city NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 12 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 Egypt Egypt PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ 14 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 15 nsubj _ _ 15 speak speak VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 acl:relcl _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 language language NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 18 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 Canaan Canaan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 swear swear VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 23 to to ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nmod _ _ 28 ; ; PUNCT : _ 32 punct _ _ 29 one one NUM CD Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 32 nsubj:pass _ _ 30 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ _ 31 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 32 aux:pass _ _ 32 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 parataxis _ _ 33 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 xcomp _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 destruction destruction NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nmod _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **be** | shall | five cities in the land of Egypt | | | there | day | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | five cities in the land of Egypt | the language of Canaan | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **swear** | present | five cities in the land of Egypt *not said here* | | | | | to the LORD of hosts | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **call** | shall · passive | | one | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֡וּא יִהְיוּ֩ חָמֵ֨שׁ עָרִ֜ים בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֗יִם מְדַבְּרוֹת֙ שְׂפַ֣ת כְּנַ֔עַן וְנִשְׁבָּע֖וֹת לַיהוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת עִ֣יר הַהֶ֔רֶס יֵאָמֵ֖ר לְאֶחָֽת׃ס [Isaiah 19:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.19.18/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:402` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Isaiah 19:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.401/) - next →: [Isaiah 19:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.403/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 19:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.19.18/)