---
title: Isaiah 21:1 (JPS 1917) — As whirlwinds in the South sweeping on, it cometh from the wildernes… · tree and pragmatics
description: As whirlwinds in the South sweeping on, it cometh from the wilderness, from a dreadful land. Who acts: whirlwinds, South. Isaiah 21:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 21:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As whirlwinds in the South sweeping on, it cometh from the wilderness, from a dreadful land.

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**Who acts:** whirlwinds, South · **What happens:** sweep on, come · **To what, where:** wilderness

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This is Isaiah 21:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (whirlwinds, South), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:417
# text = As whirlwinds in the South sweeping on, it cometh from the wilderness, from a dreadful land.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	whirlwinds	whirlwind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	sweeping	sweep	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Part	2	acl	_	_
7	on	on	ADV	RB	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	cometh	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	dreadful	dreadful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sweep on** | gerund | whirlwinds in the South *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **come** | present | South |  |  | the wilderness |  | as whirlwinds in the South; from a dreadful land | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from wilderness=Initial\_Location from land=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
מַשָּׂ֖א מִדְבַּר־יָ֑ם כְּסוּפ֤וֹת בַּנֶּ֙גֶב֙ לַֽחֲלֹ֔ף מִמִּדְבָּ֣ר בָּ֔א מֵאֶ֖רֶץ נוֹרָאָֽה׃

[Isaiah 21:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.21.1/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. [The burden of the wilderness of the sea.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.416/)
2. **As whirlwinds in the South sweeping on, it cometh from the wilderness, from a dreadful land.**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:417` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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