---
title: Isaiah 21:11 (JPS 1917) — Watchman, what of the night?' · tree and pragmatics
description: Watchman, what of the night?' Isaiah 21:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 21:11 · JPS 1917, sentence 3 of 3

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Watchman, what of the night?'

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This is Isaiah 21:11 · JPS 1917, sentence 3 of 3 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:432
# text = Watchman, what of the night?'
1	Watchman	watchman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	1	parataxis	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
8	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=q, voice=character

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The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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מַשָּׂ֖א דּוּמָ֑ה אֵלַי֙ קֹרֵ֣א מִשֵּׂעִ֔יר שֹׁמֵר֙ מַה־מִלַּ֔יְלָה שֹׁמֵ֖ר מַה־מִלֵּֽיל׃

[Isaiah 21:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.21.11/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [The burden of Dumah.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.430/)
2. [One calleth unto me out of Seir: 'Watchman, what of the night?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.431/)
3. **Watchman, what of the night?'**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:432` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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