---
title: Isaiah 21:16 (JPS 1917) — For thus hath the Lord said unto me: 'Within a year, according to th… · tree and pragmatics
description: For thus hath the Lord said unto me: 'Within a year, according to the years of a hireling, and all the glory of Kedar shall fail; Who acts: Lord, glory, Kedar. Isaiah 21:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 21:16 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For thus hath the Lord said unto me: 'Within a year, according to the years of a hireling, and all the glory of Kedar shall fail;

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Lord, glory, Kedar · **What happens:** say, accord, fail, glory · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 21:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lord, glory, Kedar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:439
# text = For thus hath the Lord said unto me: 'Within a year, according to the years of a hireling, and all the glory of Kedar shall fail;
1	For	for	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
3	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	_
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
10	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	_
11	Within	within	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	case	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	fixed	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	hireling	hireling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
24	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	26	det:predet	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	glory	glory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	Kedar	Kedar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
29	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
30	fail	fail	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
31	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · perfect | the Lord |  |  |  |  | unto me; thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **fail** | shall | all glory of Kedar |  |  |  | year |  | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **glory** |  | Kedar |  |  |  |  |  | nom glory «state intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כִּי־כֹ֛ה אָמַ֥ר אֲדֹנָ֖י אֵלָ֑י בְּע֤וֹד שָׁנָה֙ כִּשְׁנֵ֣י שָׂכִ֔יר וְכָלָ֖ה כָּל־כְּב֥וֹד קֵדָֽר׃

[Isaiah 21:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.21.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:439` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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