---
title: Isaiah 22:3 (JPS 1917) — All thy rulers are fled together, without the bow they are bound; al… · tree and pragmatics
description: All thy rulers are fled together, without the bow they are bound; all that are found of thee are bound together, they are fled afar off. Who acts: rulers. Isaiah 22:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 22:3 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All thy rulers are fled together, without the bow they are bound; all that are found of thee are bound together, they are fled afar off.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** rulers · **What happens:** flee, be, find, bind · **To what, where:** rulers, bow, all

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 22:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rulers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:445
# text = All thy rulers are fled together, without the bow they are bound; all that are found of thee are bound together, they are fled afar off.
1	All	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	3	det:predet	_	_
2	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	rulers	ruler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	fled	flee	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	together	together	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	without	without	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bow	bow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	bound	bound	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	acl:relcl	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
15	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl:relcl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	18	obl	_	_
21	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	bound	bind	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	parataxis	_	_
23	together	together	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj:pass	_	_
26	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	fled	flee	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	parataxis	_	_
28	afar	afar	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	off	off	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flee** | present · passive |  | thy rulers |  |  |  | without the bow; together *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **is** | present | rulers *= ruler* | the bow *not said here* |  |  |  | bound *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **find** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | of thee | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
| 4 | **bind** | present · passive |  | all |  |  |  | together *property* | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 5 | **flee** | present · passive |  | rulers *= ruler* |  |  |  | off *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כָּל־קְצִינַ֥יִךְ נָֽדְדוּ־יַ֖חַד מִקֶּ֣שֶׁת אֻסָּ֑רוּ כָּל־נִמְצָאַ֙יִךְ֙ אֻסְּר֣וּ יַחְדָּ֔ו מֵרָח֖וֹק בָּרָֽחוּ׃

[Isaiah 22:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.22.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:445` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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