---
title: Isaiah 22:7 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass, when thy choicest valleys were full of chariots… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass, when thy choicest valleys were full of chariots, and the horsemen set themselves in array at the gate, Who acts: shield, choicest valleys, horsemen. Isaiah 22:7 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 22:7 · JPS 1917

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And it came to pass, when thy choicest valleys were full of chariots, and the horsemen set themselves in array at the gate,

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**Who acts:** shield, choicest valleys, horsemen · **What happens:** come, pass, be, set · **To what, where:** horsemen, array

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This is Isaiah 22:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shield, choicest valleys, horsemen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:449
# text = And it came to pass, when thy choicest valleys were full of chariots, and the horsemen set themselves in array at the gate,
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	12	mark	_	_
8	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	choicest	choice	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	10	amod	_	_
10	valleys	valley	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	chariots	chariot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	horsemen	horseman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
19	set	set	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
20	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	19	obj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	array	array	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	at	at	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | shield |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **pass** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | thy choicest valleys |  |  |  |  | of chariots; full *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **set** | past | the horsemen | horsemen *= horseman* |  | array |  | at the gate | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme in array=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִ֥י מִבְחַר־עֲמָקַ֖יִךְ מָ֣לְאוּ רָ֑כֶב וְהַפָּ֣רָשִׁ֔ים שֹׁ֖ת שָׁ֥תוּ הַשָּֽׁעְרָה׃

[Isaiah 22:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.22.7/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:449` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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