--- title: Isaiah 22:16 (JPS 1917) — What hast thou here, and whom hast thou here, that thou hast hewed t… · tree and pragmatics description: What hast thou here, and whom hast thou here, that thou hast hewed thee out here a sepulchre, thou that hewest thee out a sepulchre on high, and gravest a habitation for thyself in the rock? Who acts: thou. Isaiah 22:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.458/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/22/) / [22:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.22.16/) / JPS 1 # Isaiah 22:16 · JPS 1917 What hast thou here, and whom hast thou here, that thou hast hewed thee out here a sepulchre, thou that hewest thee out a sepulchre on high, and gravest a habitation for thyself in the rock? **Who acts:** thou · **What happens:** hew out, grave · **To what, where:** thee, high, habitation, rock This is Isaiah 22:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ISA:458 # text = What hast thou here, and whom hast thou here, that thou hast hewed thee out here a sepulchre, thou that hewest thee out a sepulchre on high, and gravest a habitation for thyself in the rock? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 4 obj _ _ 2 hast have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 4 nsubj _ _ 4 here here ADV RB PronType=Dem 0 root _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 7 whom whom PRON WP PronType=Int 8 obj _ _ 8 hast have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 9 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 8 nsubj _ _ 10 here here ADV RB PronType=Dem 8 advmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 that that SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 13 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 15 nsubj _ _ 14 hast have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux _ _ 15 hewed hew VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 16 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 15 obj _ _ 17 out out ADP RP _ 15 compound:prt _ _ 18 here here ADV RB PronType=Dem 15 advmod _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 sepulchre sepulchre NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 22 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 13 appos _ _ 23 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 24 nsubj _ _ 24 hewest hew VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 acl:relcl _ _ 25 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 24 obj _ _ 26 out out ADP RP _ 24 compound:prt _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 sepulchre sepulchre NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 29 on on ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 high high ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 obl _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 gravest grave VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 34 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 habitation habitation NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 36 for for ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 thyself thyself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Style=Arch 33 obl _ _ 38 in in ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 rock rock NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ _ 41 ? ? PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hew out** | present · perfect | thou | thee | | here | | | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP ADJP»: agent=Agent thou=Patient sepulchre=Result | | 2 | **hew out** | present | | thee | | high | | | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP ADJP»: agent=Agent thou=Patient sepulchre=Result | | 3 | **grave** | present | | a habitation | | the rock | | for thyself | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} מַה־לְּךָ֥ פֹה֙ וּמִ֣י לְךָ֣ פֹ֔ה כִּֽי־חָצַ֧בְתָּ לְּךָ֛ פֹּ֖ה קָ֑בֶר חֹצְבִ֤י מָרוֹם֙ קִבְר֔וֹ חֹקְקִ֥י בַסֶּ֖לַע מִשְׁכָּ֥ן לֽוֹ׃ [Isaiah 22:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.22.16/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:458` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Isaiah 22:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.457/) - next →: [Isaiah 22:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.459/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 22:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.22.16/)