---
title: Isaiah 23:2 (JPS 1917) — Be still, ye inhabitants of the coast-land; thou whom the merchants… · tree and pragmatics
description: Be still, ye inhabitants of the coast-land; thou whom the merchants of Zidon, that pass over the sea, have replenished. Who acts: you, merchants. Isaiah 23:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 23:2 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Be still, ye inhabitants of the coast-land; thou whom the merchants of Zidon, that pass over the sea, have replenished.

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**Who acts:** you, merchants · **What happens:** be, pass, replenish · **To what, where:** sea

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This is Isaiah 23:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, merchants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:470
# text = Be still, ye inhabitants of the coast-land; thou whom the merchants of Zidon, that pass over the sea, have replenished.
1	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	cop	_	_
2	still	still	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	det	_	_
5	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	vocative	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	coast	coast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	_
10	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
12	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	2	vocative	_	_
13	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	26	obj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	merchants	merchant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Zidon	Zidon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
20	pass	pass	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
21	over	over	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
25	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	replenished	replenish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	acl:relcl	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=imp, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | ye inhabitants of the coast land *vocative*; thou *vocative*; still *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | present | the merchants of Zidon |  |  | the sea |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over sea=Location |
| 3 | **replenish** | present · perfect | the merchants of Zidon |  |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme whom=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
דֹּ֖מּוּ יֹ֣שְׁבֵי אִ֑י סֹחֵ֥ר צִיד֛וֹן עֹבֵ֥ר יָ֖ם מִלְאֽוּךְ׃

[Isaiah 23:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.23.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:470` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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