---
title: Isaiah 23:14 (JPS 1917) — Howl, ye ships of Tarshish, for your stronghold is laid waste. · tree and pragmatics
description: Howl, ye ships of Tarshish, for your stronghold is laid waste. Who acts: you. Isaiah 23:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 23:14 · JPS 1917

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Howl, ye ships of Tarshish, for your stronghold is laid waste.

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**Who acts:** you · **What happens:** howl, lay · **To what, where:** stronghold

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This is Isaiah 23:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:482
# text = Howl, ye ships of Tarshish, for your stronghold is laid waste.
1	Howl	howl	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	1	vocative	_	_
4	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	appos	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Tarshish	Tarshish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	stronghold	stronghold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	advcl	_	_
13	waste	waste	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	_
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: fragment
- act: other
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **howl** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | ye *vocative* | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **lay** | present · passive |  | your stronghold |  |  |  | waste *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
הֵילִ֖ילוּ אֳנִיּ֣וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֑ישׁ כִּ֥י שֻׁדַּ֖ד מָעֻזְּכֶֽן׃ס

[Isaiah 23:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.23.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:482` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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