---
title: Isaiah 24:4 (JPS 1917) — The earth fainteth and fadeth away, the world faileth and fadeth awa… · tree and pragmatics
description: The earth fainteth and fadeth away, the world faileth and fadeth away, the lofty people of the earth do fail. Who acts: earth, world, lofty people. Isaiah 24:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 24:4 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The earth fainteth and fadeth away, the world faileth and fadeth away, the lofty people of the earth do fail.

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**Who acts:** earth, world, lofty people · **What happens:** faint, fade away, fail

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This is Isaiah 24:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (earth, world, lofty people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:490
# text = The earth fainteth and fadeth away, the world faileth and fadeth away, the lofty people of the earth do fail.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fainteth	faint	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	fadeth	fade	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	away	away	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	faileth	fail	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	fadeth	fade	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
13	away	away	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	lofty	lofty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	fail	fail	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **faint** | present | the earth |  |  |  |  |  | vn change\_bodily\_state-40.8.4 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **fade away** | present | the earth *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **fail** | present | the world |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **fade away** | present | the world *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **fail** | present · do-support | the lofty people of the earth |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אָבְלָ֤ה נָֽבְלָה֙ הָאָ֔רֶץ אֻמְלְלָ֥ה נָבְלָ֖ה תֵּבֵ֑ל אֻמְלָ֖לוּ מְר֥וֹם עַם־הָאָֽרֶץ׃

[Isaiah 24:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.24.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:490` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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