---
title: Isaiah 24:12 (JPS 1917) — In the city is left desolation, and the gate is smitten unto ruin. · tree and pragmatics
description: In the city is left desolation, and the gate is smitten unto ruin. Isaiah 24:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.498/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/24/) / [24:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.24.12/) / JPS 1

# Isaiah 24:12 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the city is left desolation, and the gate is smitten unto ruin.

<!-- .vintro -->
**What happens:** leave, smite · **To what, where:** desolation, city, gate

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 24:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:498
# text = In the city is left desolation, and the gate is smitten unto ruin.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	desolation	desolation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	smitten	smite	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
13	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	ruin	ruin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present · passive |  | desolation |  | the city |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in city=Location |
| 2 | **smite** | present · passive |  | the gate |  |  |  | unto ruin | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
נִשְׁאַ֥ר בָּעִ֖יר שַׁמָּ֑ה וּשְׁאִיָּ֖ה יֻכַּת־שָֽׁעַר׃

[Isaiah 24:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.24.12/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:498` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Isaiah 24:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.497/)
- next →: [Isaiah 24:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.499/)
- ↑ back to [Isaiah 24:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.24.12/)