--- title: Isaiah 24:18 (JPS 1917) — And it shall come to pass, that he who fleeth from the noise of the… · tree and pragmatics description: And it shall come to pass, that he who fleeth from the noise of the terror shall fall into the pit; and he that cometh up out of the midst of the pit shall be taken in the trap; for the windows on high are opened, and the foundations of the earth do shake; Who acts: trap, vintage, foundations, terro --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.505/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/24/) / [24:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.24.18/) / JPS 1 # Isaiah 24:18 · JPS 1917 And it shall come to pass, that he who fleeth from the noise of the terror shall fall into the pit; and he that cometh up out of the midst of the pit shall be taken in the trap; for the windows on high are opened, and the foundations of the earth do shake; **Who acts:** trap, vintage, foundations, terror · **What happens:** come, pass, flee, fall, come up, take · **To what, where:** noise, pit, midst, vintage, trap, windows This is Isaiah 24:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trap, vintage, foundations, terror), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ISA:505 # text = And it shall come to pass, that he who fleeth from the noise of the terror shall fall into the pit; and he that cometh up out of the midst of the pit shall be taken in the trap; for the windows on high are opened, and the foundations of the earth do shake; 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 to to PART TO _ 6 mark _ _ 6 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 xcomp _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 8 that that SCONJ IN _ 19 mark _ _ 9 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 10 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 11 nsubj _ _ 11 fleeth flee VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 acl:relcl _ _ 12 from from ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 noise noise NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 terror terror NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 18 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 19 aux _ _ 19 fall fall VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 ccomp _ _ 20 into into ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 pit pit NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 23 ; ; PUNCT : _ 38 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 25 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj:pass _ _ 26 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 27 nsubj _ _ 27 cometh come VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 acl:relcl _ _ 28 up up ADP RP _ 27 compound:prt _ _ 29 out out ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 30 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 midst midst NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 33 of of ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 pit pit NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nmod _ _ 36 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 38 aux _ _ 37 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 38 aux:pass _ _ 38 taken take VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 conj _ _ 39 in in ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 trap trap NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obl _ _ 42 ; ; PUNCT : _ 49 punct _ _ 43 for for SCONJ IN _ 49 mark _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 windows window NOUN NNS Number=Plur 49 nsubj:pass _ _ 46 on on ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 47 high high ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 nmod _ _ 48 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 49 aux:pass _ _ 49 opened open VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 parataxis _ _ 50 , , PUNCT , _ 58 punct _ _ 51 and and CCONJ CC _ 58 cc _ _ 52 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 53 foundations foundation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 58 nsubj _ _ 54 of of ADP IN _ 56 case _ _ 55 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 56 det _ _ 56 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 53 nmod _ _ 57 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 58 aux _ _ 58 shake shake VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 49 conj _ _ 59 ; ; PUNCT : _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | shall | trap | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | trap *not said here* | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **flee** | present | | | | the noise of the terror | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from noise=Initial\_Location | | 4 | **fall** | shall | vintage | | | | | into the pit *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into pit=Result | | 5 | **come up** | present | | | | the midst of the pit | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme out midst=Initial\_Location | | 6 | **take** | shall · passive | | vintage | | the trap | | | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Value in trap=Location | | 7 | **open** | present · passive | | the windows on high | | | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | | 8 | **shake** | present · do-support | the foundations of the earth | | | | | | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 9 | **noise** | | the terror | | | | | | nom noise «event intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְֽ֠הָיָה הַנָּ֞ס מִקּ֤וֹל הַפַּ֙חַד֙ יִפֹּ֣ל אֶל־הַפַּ֔חַת וְהָֽעוֹלֶה֙ מִתּ֣וֹךְ הַפַּ֔חַת יִלָּכֵ֖ד בַּפָּ֑ח כִּֽי־אֲרֻבּ֤וֹת מִמָּרוֹם֙ נִפְתָּ֔חוּ וַֽיִּרְעֲשׁ֖וּ מ֥וֹסְדֵי אָֽרֶץ׃ [Isaiah 24:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.24.18/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:505` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Isaiah 24:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.504/) - next →: [Isaiah 24:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.506/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 24:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.24.18/)