---
title: Isaiah 24:19 (JPS 1917) — The earth is broken, broken down, the earth is crumbled in pieces, t… · tree and pragmatics
description: The earth is broken, broken down, the earth is crumbled in pieces, the earth trembleth and tottereth; Who acts: earth. Isaiah 24:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 24:19 · JPS 1917

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The earth is broken, broken down, the earth is crumbled in pieces, the earth trembleth and tottereth;

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**Who acts:** earth · **What happens:** break, break down, crumble, tremble, totter · **To what, where:** earth, pieces

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This is Isaiah 24:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:506
# text = The earth is broken, broken down, the earth is crumbled in pieces, the earth trembleth and tottereth;
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	crumbled	crumble	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	pieces	piece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	trembleth	tremble	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	tottereth	totter	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | present · passive |  | the earth |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **break down** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **crumble** | present · passive |  | the earth |  | pieces |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **tremble** | present | the earth |  |  |  |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **totter** | present | the earth *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn body\_internal\_motion-49.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
רֹ֥עָה הִֽתְרֹעֲעָ֖ה הָאָ֑רֶץ פּ֤וֹר הִֽתְפּוֹרְרָה֙ אֶ֔רֶץ מ֥וֹט הִֽתְמוֹטְטָ֖ה אָֽרֶץ׃

[Isaiah 24:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.24.19/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:506` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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