---
title: Isaiah 28:9 (JPS 1917) — Whom shall one teach knowledge? · tree and pragmatics
description: Whom shall one teach knowledge? Who acts: one. Isaiah 28:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 28:9 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 3

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Whom shall one teach knowledge?

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**Who acts:** one · **What happens:** teach · **To what, where:** knowledge

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This is Isaiah 28:9 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 3 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:567
# text = Whom shall one teach knowledge?
1	Whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	one	one	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	teach	teach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: wh-question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | shall | one | knowledge |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent whom=Recipient knowledge=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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אֶת־מִי֙ יוֹרֶ֣ה דֵעָ֔ה וְאֶת־מִ֖י יָבִ֣ין שְׁמוּעָ֑ה גְּמוּלֵי֙ מֵֽחָלָ֔ב עַתִּיקֵ֖י מִשָּׁדָֽיִם׃

[Isaiah 28:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.28.9/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **Whom shall one teach knowledge?**
2. [And whom shall one make to understand the message?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.568/)
3. [Them that are weaned from the milk, them that are drawn from the breasts?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.569/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:567` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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