--- title: Isaiah 28:18 (JPS 1917) — And your covenant with death shall be disannulled and your agreement… · tree and pragmatics description: And your covenant with death shall be disannulled and your agreement with the nether-world shall not stand; when the scouring scourge shall pass through, then ye shall be trodden down by it, Who acts: agreement, scouring scourge, scourge, your. Isaiah 28:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.578/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/28/) / [28:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.28.18/) / JPS 1 # Isaiah 28:18 · JPS 1917 And your covenant with death shall be disannulled and your agreement with the nether-world shall not stand; when the scouring scourge shall pass through, then ye shall be trodden down by it, **Who acts:** agreement, scouring scourge, scourge, your · **What happens:** disannull, not stand, pass through, tread down, covenant, agree · **To what, where:** covenant, ye This is Isaiah 28:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (agreement, scouring scourge, scourge, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ISA:578 # text = And your covenant with death shall be disannulled and your agreement with the nether-world shall not stand; when the scouring scourge shall pass through, then ye shall be trodden down by it, 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 2 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ _ 3 covenant covenant NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 with with ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 death death NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 7 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 8 aux:pass _ _ 8 disannulled disannull VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 10 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ _ 11 agreement agreement NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ _ 12 with with ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 14 nether nether NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 compound _ _ 15 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 14 punct _ _ 16 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ 17 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 19 aux _ _ 18 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 19 advmod _ _ 19 stand stand VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 conj _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT : _ 33 punct _ _ 21 when when SCONJ WRB _ 26 mark _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 23 scouring scouring ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 scourge scourge NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 25 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 26 aux _ _ 26 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 advcl _ _ 27 through through ADV RB _ 26 compound:prt _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 29 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 33 advmod _ _ 30 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 33 nsubj:pass _ _ 31 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 32 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 33 aux:pass _ _ 33 trodden tread VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 19 conj _ _ 34 down down ADP RP _ 33 compound:prt _ _ 35 by by ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 obl:agent _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **disannull** | shall · passive | | your covenant with death | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **not** **stand** | shall | your agreement with the nether world | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **pass through** | shall | the scouring scourge | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **tread down** | shall · passive | scourge | ye | | | then | | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location subject=Theme | | 5 | **covenant** | | your | | | | | with death | nom covenant «communication intransitive»: poss=agent with=obl | | 6 | **agree** | | your | | | | | with the nether world | nom agreement «communication intransitive»: poss=agent with=obl | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְכֻפַּ֤ר בְּרִֽיתְכֶם֙ אֶת־מָ֔וֶת וְחָזוּתְכֶ֥ם אֶת־שְׁא֖וֹל לֹ֣א תָק֑וּם שׁ֤וֹט שׁוֹטֵף֙ כִּ֣י יַֽעֲבֹ֔ר וִהְיִ֥יתֶם ל֖וֹ לְמִרְמָֽס׃ [Isaiah 28:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.28.18/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:578` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Isaiah 28:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.577/) - next →: [Isaiah 28:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.579/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 28:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.28.18/)