---
title: Isaiah 28:25 (JPS 1917) — When he hath made plain the face thereof, doth he not cast abroad th… · tree and pragmatics
description: When he hath made plain the face thereof, doth he not cast abroad the black cummin, and scatter the cummin, and put in the wheat in rows and the barley in the appointed place and the spelt in the border thereof? Who acts: plowman. Isaiah 28:25 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics 
---

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# Isaiah 28:25 · JPS 1917

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When he hath made plain the face thereof, doth he not cast abroad the black cummin, and scatter the cummin, and put in the wheat in rows and the barley in the appointed place and the spelt in the border thereof?

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**Who acts:** plowman · **What happens:** make, not cast, scatter, put, appoint · **To what, where:** face, black cummin, cummin, wheat, rows

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 28:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (plowman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:585
# text = When he hath made plain the face thereof, doth he not cast abroad the black cummin, and scatter the cummin, and put in the wheat in rows and the barley in the appointed place and the spelt in the border thereof?
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	advcl	_	_
5	plain	plain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	doth	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	cast	cast	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
14	abroad	abroad	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	cummin	cummin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	scatter	scatter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	cummin	cummin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	wheat	wheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	rows	row	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	barley	barley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	_
34	in	in	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	appointed	appoint	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	37	amod	_	_
37	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	spelt	spelt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	conj	_	_
41	in	in	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	border	border	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	nmod	_	_
44	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	43	advmod	_	_
45	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: wh-question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · perfect | plowman | the face |  |  |  | plain *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent face=Product |
| 2 | **not** **cast** | present · do-support | plowman | the black cummin |  |  |  | abroad *property* | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cummin=Product |
| 3 | **scatter** | infinitive | plowman *not said here* | the cummin |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent cummin=Theme |
| 4 | **put** | infinitive | plowman *not said here* | the wheat and the barley |  | rows |  | in the appointed place and the spelt in the border | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent wheat=Theme in row=Destination |
| 5 | **appoint** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
הֲלוֹא֙ אִם־שִׁוָּ֣ה פָנֶ֔יהָ וְהֵפִ֥יץ קֶ֖צַח וְכַמֹּ֣ן יִזְרֹ֑ק וְשָׂ֨ם חִטָּ֤ה שׂוֹרָה֙ וּשְׂעֹרָ֣ה נִסְמָ֔ן וְכֻסֶּ֖מֶת גְּבֻלָתֽוֹ׃

[Isaiah 28:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.28.25/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:585` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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