---
title: Isaiah 3:5 (JPS 1917) — And the people shall oppress one another, every man his fellow, and… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the people shall oppress one another, every man his fellow, and every man his neighbour; the child shall behave insolently against the aged, and the base against the honourable, Who acts: people, child. Isaiah 3:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 3:5 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the people shall oppress one another, every man his fellow, and every man his neighbour; the child shall behave insolently against the aged, and the base against the honourable,

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** people, child · **What happens:** oppress, behave · **To what, where:** one

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 3:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, child), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:59
# text = And the people shall oppress one another, every man his fellow, and every man his neighbour; the child shall behave insolently against the aged, and the base against the honourable,
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	oppress	oppress	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	one	one	PRON	PRP	_	5	obj	_	_
7	another	another	PRON	DT	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	fellow	fellow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	16	det	_	_
16	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
22	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	behave	behave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	_
24	insolently	insolently	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
25	against	against	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	aged	aged	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	base	base	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
32	against	against	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	honourable	honourable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	nmod	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **oppress** | shall | the people | one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **behave** | shall | the child |  |  |  |  | against the aged; insolently *property* | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְנִגַּ֣שׂ הָעָ֔ם אִ֥ישׁ בְּאִ֖ישׁ וְאִ֣ישׁ בְּרֵעֵ֑הוּ יִרְהֲב֗וּ הַנַּ֙עַר֙ בַּזָּקֵ֔ן וְהַנִּקְלֶ֖ה בַּנִּכְבָּֽד׃

[Isaiah 3:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.3.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:59` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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