---
title: Isaiah 30:25 (JPS 1917) — And there shall be upon every lofty mountain, and upon every high hi… · tree and pragmatics
description: And there shall be upon every lofty mountain, and upon every high hill streams and watercourses, in the day of the great slaughter, when the towers fall. Who acts: streams, towers. Isaiah 30:25 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 30:25 · JPS 1917

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And there shall be upon every lofty mountain, and upon every high hill streams and watercourses, in the day of the great slaughter, when the towers fall.

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**Who acts:** streams, towers · **What happens:** be, fall · **To what, where:** lofty mountain

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This is Isaiah 30:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (streams, towers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:643
# text = And there shall be upon every lofty mountain, and upon every high hill streams and watercourses, in the day of the great slaughter, when the towers fall.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	4	expl	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
7	lofty	lofty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	14	det	_	_
13	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
15	streams	stream	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	watercourses	watercourse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	slaughter	slaughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
27	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	30	advmod	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	towers	tower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nsubj	_	_
30	fall	fall	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	acl:relcl	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=narrate

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | shall | streams upon every high hill and watercourses |  |  | every lofty mountain; there | day |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon mountain=Location |
| 2 | **fall** | present | the towers |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְהָיָ֣ה ׀ עַל־כָּל־הַ֣ר גָּבֹ֗הַוְעַל֙ כָּל־גִּבְעָ֣ה נִשָּׂאָ֔ה פְּלָגִ֖ים יִבְלֵי־מָ֑יִם בְּיוֹם֙ הֶ֣רֶג רָ֔ב בִּנְפֹ֖ל מִגְדָּלִֽים׃

[Isaiah 30:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.30.25/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:643` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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