---
title: Isaiah 3:11 (JPS 1917) — Woe unto the wicked! it shall be ill with him; for the work of his h… · tree and pragmatics
description: Woe unto the wicked! it shall be ill with him; for the work of his hands shall be done to him. Who acts: Woe, hands. Isaiah 3:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 3:11 · JPS 1917

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Woe unto the wicked! it shall be ill with him; for the work of his hands shall be done to him.

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**Who acts:** Woe, hands · **What happens:** be, do, work · **To what, where:** work, Sodom

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This is Isaiah 3:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Woe, hands), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:66
# text = Woe unto the wicked! it shall be ill with him; for the work of his hands shall be done to him.
1	Woe	woe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	parataxis	_	_
2	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	wicked	wicked	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	cop	_	_
9	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
13	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	_
19	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	parataxis	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | shall | Woe |  |  |  |  | with Sodom; ill *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | shall · passive |  | the work of Sodom's hands | Sodom |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 3 | **work** |  | Sodom's hands |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
א֖וֹי לְרָשָׁ֣ע רָ֑ע כִּֽי־גְמ֥וּל יָדָ֖יו יֵעָ֥שֶׂה לּֽוֹ׃

[Isaiah 3:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.3.11/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:66` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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