---
title: Isaiah 32:19 (JPS 1917) — And it shall hail, in the downfall of the forest; but the city shall… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it shall hail, in the downfall of the forest; but the city shall descend into the valley. Who acts: effect, city. Isaiah 32:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 32:19 · JPS 1917

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And it shall hail, in the downfall of the forest; but the city shall descend into the valley.

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**Who acts:** effect, city · **What happens:** hail, descend · **To what, where:** downfall, valley

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This is Isaiah 32:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (effect, city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:679
# text = And it shall hail, in the downfall of the forest; but the city shall descend into the valley.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	hail	hail	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	downfall	downfall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
16	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	descend	descend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
18	into	into	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hail** | shall | effect |  |  | the downfall of the forest |  |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |
| 2 | **descend** | shall | the city |  |  | the valley |  |  | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into valley=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּבָרַ֖ד בְּרֶ֣דֶת הַיָּ֑עַר וּבַשִּׁפְלָ֖ה תִּשְׁפַּ֥ל הָעִֽיר׃

[Isaiah 32:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.32.19/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:679` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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