---
title: Isaiah 33:8 (JPS 1917) — The highways lie waste, the wayfaring man ceaseth; he hath broken th… · tree and pragmatics
description: The highways lie waste, the wayfaring man ceaseth; he hath broken the covenant, he hath despised the cities, he regardeth not man. Who acts: highways, wayfaring man, man. Isaiah 33:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 33:8 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The highways lie waste, the wayfaring man ceaseth; he hath broken the covenant, he hath despised the cities, he regardeth not man.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** highways, wayfaring man, man · **What happens:** lie, cease, break, despise, not regard · **To what, where:** covenant, cities, man

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 33:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (highways, wayfaring man, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:689
# text = The highways lie waste, the wayfaring man ceaseth; he hath broken the covenant, he hath despised the cities, he regardeth not man.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	highways	highway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lie	lie	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	waste	waste	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	wayfaring	wayfaring	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	ceaseth	cease	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	covenant	covenant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	despised	despise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	conj	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	regardeth	regard	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
25	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
26	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | present | the highways |  |  |  |  | waste *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cease** | present | the wayfaring man |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **break** | present · perfect | man | the covenant |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer covenant=Patient |
| 4 | **despise** | present · perfect | man | the cities |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer city=Stimulus |
| 5 | **not** **regard** | present | man | man |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
נָשַׁ֣מּוּ מְסִלּ֔וֹת שָׁבַ֖ת עֹבֵ֣ר אֹ֑רַח הֵפֵ֤ר בְּרִית֙ מָאַ֣ס עָרִ֔ים לֹ֥א חָשַׁ֖ב אֱנֽוֹשׁ׃

[Isaiah 33:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.33.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:689` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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