---
title: Isaiah 1:7 (JPS 1917) — Your country is desolate; your cities are burned with fire; your lan… · tree and pragmatics
description: Your country is desolate; your cities are burned with fire; your land, strangers devour it in your presence, and it is desolate, as overthrown by floods. Who acts: country, strangers. Isaiah 1:7 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 1:7 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your country is desolate; your cities are burned with fire; your land, strangers devour it in your presence, and it is desolate, as overthrown by floods.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** country, strangers · **What happens:** be, burn, devour, overthrow · **To what, where:** cities, country, presence

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 1:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (country, strangers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:7
# text = Your country is desolate; your cities are burned with fire; your land, strangers devour it in your presence, and it is desolate, as overthrown by floods.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	desolate	desolate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	burned	burn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
13	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	dislocated	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
16	strangers	stranger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
17	devour	devour	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	presence	presence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
26	desolate	desolate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	conj	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
29	overthrown	overthrow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	advcl	_	_
30	by	by	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	floods	flood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obl:agent	_	_
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Your country |  |  |  |  | desolate *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **burn** | present · passive |  | your cities |  |  |  | with fire | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with fire=Instrument |
| 3 | **devour** | present | strangers | country |  | your presence |  | your land *dislocated* | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 4 | **is** | present | country |  |  |  |  | desolate *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **overthrow** | participle | country *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אַרְצְכֶ֣ם שְׁמָמָ֔ה עָרֵיכֶ֖ם שְׂרֻפ֣וֹת אֵ֑שׁ אַדְמַתְכֶ֗ם לְנֶגְדְּכֶם֙ זָרִים֙ אֹכְלִ֣ים אֹתָ֔הּ וּשְׁמָמָ֖ה כְּמַהְפֵּכַ֥ת זָרִֽים׃

[Isaiah 1:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.1.7/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:7` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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