--- title: Isaiah 33:23 (JPS 1917) — Thy tacklings are loosed; they do not hold the stand of their mast,… · tree and pragmatics description: Thy tacklings are loosed; they do not hold the stand of their mast, they do not spread the sail; then is the prey of a great spoil divided; the lame take the prey. Who acts: tacklings, lame. Isaiah 33:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.706/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/33/) / [33:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.33.23/) / JPS 1 # Isaiah 33:23 · JPS 1917 Thy tacklings are loosed; they do not hold the stand of their mast, they do not spread the sail; then is the prey of a great spoil divided; the lame take the prey. **Who acts:** tacklings, lame · **What happens:** loose, not hold, not spread, be, divide, take · **To what, where:** tacklings, stand, sail, prey This is Isaiah 33:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tacklings, lame), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ISA:706 # text = Thy tacklings are loosed; they do not hold the stand of their mast, they do not spread the sail; then is the prey of a great spoil divided; the lame take the prey. 1 Thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 tacklings tackling NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 loosed loose VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 ; ; PUNCT : _ 9 punct _ _ 6 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 7 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 8 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 9 advmod _ _ 9 hold hold VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 parataxis _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 stand stand NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 12 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ _ 14 mast mast NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 16 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 17 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 aux _ _ 18 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 19 advmod _ _ 19 spread spread VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 conj _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 sail sail NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj _ _ 22 ; ; PUNCT : _ 26 punct _ _ 23 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 26 advmod _ _ 24 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 cop _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 prey prey NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ _ 27 of of ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 29 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 spoil spoil NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nmod _ _ 31 divided divide VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 26 acl _ _ 32 ; ; PUNCT : _ 35 punct _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 lame lame ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 nsubj _ _ 35 take take VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 prey prey NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obj _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **loose** | present · passive | | Thy tacklings | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **not** **hold** | present · do-support | tacklings *= tackling* | the stand of tacklings's mast | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stand=Theme | | 3 | **not** **spread** | present · do-support | tacklings *= tackling* | the sail | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location sail=Theme | | 4 | **is a** | present | | the prey | | | then | of a great spoil | tree rules | | 5 | **divide** | participle | | the prey *not said here* | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 6 | **take** | present | the lame | the prey | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} נִטְּשׁ֖וּ חֲבָלָ֑יִךְ בַּל־יְחַזְּק֤וּ כֵן־תָּרְנָם֙ בַּל־פָּ֣רְשׂוּ נֵ֔ס אָ֣ז חֻלַּ֤ק עַֽד־שָׁלָל֙ מַרְבֶּ֔ה פִּסְחִ֖ים בָּ֥זְזוּ בַֽז׃ [Isaiah 33:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.33.23/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:706` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Isaiah 33:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.705/) - next →: [Isaiah 33:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.707/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 33:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.33.23/)