---
title: Isaiah 36:1 (JPS 1917) — Now it came to pass in the fourteenth year of king Hezekiah, that Se… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now it came to pass in the fourteenth year of king Hezekiah, that Sennacherib king of Assyria came up against all the fortified cities of Judah, and took them. Who acts: it, Sennacherib king. Isaiah 36:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 36:1 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now it came to pass in the fourteenth year of king Hezekiah, that Sennacherib king of Assyria came up against all the fortified cities of Judah, and took them.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** it, Sennacherib king · **What happens:** come, pass, come up, take · **To what, where:** fortified cities, cities

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This is Isaiah 36:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, Sennacherib king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:735
# text = Now it came to pass in the fourteenth year of king Hezekiah, that Sennacherib king of Assyria came up against all the fortified cities of Judah, and took them.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	fourteenth	fourteenth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	Hezekiah	Hezekiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
15	Sennacherib	Sennacherib	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Assyria	Assyria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
20	up	up	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	against	against	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
22	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	25	det:predet	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	fortified	fortify	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
31	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	obj	_	_
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | it |  |  |  | now; year |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **come up** | past | Sennacherib king of Assyria |  |  | all fortified cities of Judah |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against city=Location |
| 4 | **take** | past | Sennacherib king of Assyria *not said here* | cities *= city* |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִ֡י בְּאַרְבַּע֩ עֶשְׂרֵ֨ה שָׁנָ֜ה לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ חִזְקִיָּ֗הוּ עָלָ֞ה סַנְחֵרִ֤יב מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר֙ עַ֣ל כָּל־עָרֵ֧י יְהוּדָ֛ה הַבְּצֻר֖וֹת וַֽיִּתְפְּשֵֽׂם׃

[Isaiah 36:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.36.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:735` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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