---
title: Isaiah 36:11 (JPS 1917) — Then said Eliakim and Shebna and Joah unto Rab-shakeh: 'Speak, I pra… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then said Eliakim and Shebna and Joah unto Rab-shakeh: 'Speak, I pray thee, unto thy servants in the Aramean language, for we understand it; and speak not to us in the Jews' language, in the ears of the people that are on the wall.' Who acts: Eliakim, I, we, people. Isaiah 36:11 in JPS 1917 with its
---

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# Isaiah 36:11 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then said Eliakim and Shebna and Joah unto Rab-shakeh: 'Speak, I pray thee, unto thy servants in the Aramean language, for we understand it; and speak not to us in the Jews' language, in the ears of the people that are on the wall.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Eliakim, I, we, people · **What happens:** say, speak, pray, understand, not speak, be · **To what, where:** thee, language, us, wall · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 36:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Eliakim, I, we, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:748
# text = Then said Eliakim and Shebna and Joah unto Rab-shakeh: 'Speak, I pray thee, unto thy servants in the Aramean language, for we understand it; and speak not to us in the Jews' language, in the ears of the people that are on the wall.'
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Eliakim	Eliakim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	Shebna	Shebna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	Joah	Joah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
8	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Rab	Rab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	_
11	shakeh	shakeh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	flat	_	_
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	_
14	Speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	pray	pray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	parataxis	_	_
18	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	obj	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	Aramean	Aramean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
29	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
30	understand	understand	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
31	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	obj	_	_
32	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	conj	_	_
35	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	34	advmod	_	_
36	to	to	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	34	obl	_	_
38	in	in	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	Jews	Jew	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	42	nmod:poss	_	_
41	'	's	PART	POS	_	40	case	_	_
42	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	_
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
44	in	in	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	_
47	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	nmod	_	_
50	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	54	nsubj	_	_
51	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	54	cop	_	_
52	on	on	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
53	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
54	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	acl:relcl	_	_
55	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
56	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Eliakim and Shebna and Joah |  |  |  | then | unto Rab | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | unto thy servants in the Aramean language | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **pray** | present | I | thee |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **understand** | present | we | language |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 5 | **not** **speak** *speech: other* | infinitive |  |  | us | the Jews's language |  | in the ears of the people | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to we=Co-Agent |
| 6 | **is** | present | the people |  |  | the wall |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶלְיָקִים֩ וְשֶׁבְנָ֨א וְיוֹאָ֜ח אֶל־רַב־שָׁקֵ֗ה דַּבֶּר־נָ֤א אֶל־עֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ אֲרָמִ֔ית כִּ֥י שֹׁמְעִ֖ים אֲנָ֑חְנוּ וְאַל־תְּדַבֵּ֤ר אֵלֵ֙ינוּ֙ יְהוּדִ֔ית בְּאָזְנֵ֣י הָעָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַחוֹמָֽה׃

[Isaiah 36:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.36.11/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:748` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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