--- title: Isaiah 37:27 (JPS 1917) — Therefore their inhabitants were of small power, they were dismayed… · tree and pragmatics description: Therefore their inhabitants were of small power, they were dismayed and confounded; they were as the grass of the field, and as the green herb, as the grass on the housetops, and as a field of corn before it is grown up. Who acts: inhabitants. Isaiah 37:27 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.790/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/37/) / [37:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.37.27/) / JPS 1 # Isaiah 37:27 · JPS 1917 Therefore their inhabitants were of small power, they were dismayed and confounded; they were as the grass of the field, and as the green herb, as the grass on the housetops, and as a field of corn before it is grown up. **Who acts:** inhabitants · **What happens:** be, dismay, confound, grow up · **To what, where:** inhabitants, city This is Isaiah 37:27 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (inhabitants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ISA:790 # text = Therefore their inhabitants were of small power, they were dismayed and confounded; they were as the grass of the field, and as the green herb, as the grass on the housetops, and as a field of corn before it is grown up. 1 Therefore therefore ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 2 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ _ 3 inhabitants inhabitant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 4 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 power power NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 9 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj:pass _ _ 10 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux:pass _ _ 11 dismayed dismay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 conj _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 confounded confound VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 conj _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT : _ 19 punct _ _ 15 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 16 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 cop _ _ 17 as as ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 grass grass NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 20 of of ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 field field NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nmod _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 25 as as ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 27 green green ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 herb herb NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 30 as as ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 grass grass NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 33 on on ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 housetops housetop NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 nmod _ _ 36 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 38 as as ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 field field NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 41 of of ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 42 corn corn NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nmod _ _ 43 before before SCONJ IN _ 46 mark _ _ 44 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 46 nsubj:pass _ _ 45 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 46 aux:pass _ _ 46 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 40 advcl _ _ 47 up up ADP RP _ 46 compound:prt _ _ 48 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | heaps's inhabitants | | | | | of small power and the grass and the green herb and the grass on the housetops and a field of corn; therefore *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **dismay** | past · passive | | inhabitants *= inhabitant* | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | | 3 | **confound** | participle | | | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 4 | **is** | past | inhabitants *= inhabitant* | | | | | as the grass and the green herb and the grass on the housetops and a field of corn; of the field | tree rules | | 5 | **grow up** | present · passive | | city | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְיֹֽשְׁבֵיהֶן֙ קִצְרֵי־יָ֔ד חַ֖תּוּ וָבֹ֑שׁוּ הָי֞וּ עֵ֤שֶׂב שָׂדֶה֙ וִ֣ירַק דֶּ֔שֶׁא חֲצִ֣יר גַּגּ֔וֹת וּשְׁדֵמָ֖ה לִפְנֵ֥י קָמָֽה׃ [Isaiah 37:27: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.37.27/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:790` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Isaiah 37:26 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.789/) - next →: [Isaiah 37:28 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.791/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 37:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.37.27/)