---
title: Isaiah 40:2 (JPS 1917) — Bid Jerusalem take heart, and proclaim unto her, that her time of se… · tree and pragmatics
description: Bid Jerusalem take heart, and proclaim unto her, that her time of service is accomplished, that her guilt is paid off; that she hath received of the LORD'S hand double for all her sins. Who acts: you, Jerusalem. Isaiah 40:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 40:2 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bid Jerusalem take heart, and proclaim unto her, that her time of service is accomplished, that her guilt is paid off; that she hath received of the LORD'S hand double for all her sins.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, Jerusalem · **What happens:** bid, take, proclaim, accomplish, pay off, receive · **To what, where:** heart, time, guilt, double

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 40:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Jerusalem), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:837
# text = Bid Jerusalem take heart, and proclaim unto her, that her time of service is accomplished, that her guilt is paid off; that she hath received of the LORD'S hand double for all her sins.
1	Bid	Bid	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
2	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	ccomp	_	_
4	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	proclaim	proclaim	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
8	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
12	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	service	service	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	accomplished	accomplish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	ccomp	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
19	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
20	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	guilt	guilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	conj	_	_
24	off	off	ADP	RP	_	23	compound:prt	_	_
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
26	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
27	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
28	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	received	receive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	conj	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nmod:poss	_	_
33	'S	's	PART	POS	_	32	case	_	_
34	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
35	double	double	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	obj	_	_
36	for	for	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
37	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	39	det:predet	_	_
38	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	sins	sin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	obl	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bid** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** | infinitive | Jerusalem | heart |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Theme |
| 3 | **proclaim** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto Jerusalem | vn confess-37.10 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **accomplish** | present · passive |  | Jerusalem's time of service |  |  |  |  | vn complete-55.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 5 | **pay off** | present · passive |  | Jerusalem's guilt |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Asset |
| 6 | **receive** | present · perfect | Jerusalem | double |  |  |  | of the LORD's hand | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent double=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
דַּבְּר֞וּ עַל־לֵ֤ב יְרֽוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ וְקִרְא֣וּ אֵלֶ֔יהָ כִּ֤י מָֽלְאָה֙ צְבָאָ֔הּ כִּ֥י נִרְצָ֖ה עֲוֺנָ֑הּ כִּ֤י לָקְחָה֙ מִיַּ֣ד יְהוָ֔ה כִּפְלַ֖יִם בְּכָל־חַטֹּאתֶֽיהָ׃ס

[Isaiah 40:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:837` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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