--- title: Isaiah 40:6 (JPS 1917) — Hark! one saith: 'Proclaim!' And he saith: 'What shall I proclaim?'… · tree and pragmatics description: Hark! one saith: 'Proclaim!' And he saith: 'What shall I proclaim?' 'All flesh is grass, and all the goodliness thereof is as the flower of the field; Who acts: one, mouth, I, flesh. Isaiah 40:6 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.841/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/40/) / [40:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.6/) / JPS 1 # Isaiah 40:6 · JPS 1917 Hark! one saith: 'Proclaim!' And he saith: 'What shall I proclaim?' 'All flesh is grass, and all the goodliness thereof is as the flower of the field; **Who acts:** one, mouth, I, flesh, goodliness · **What happens:** say, proclaim, be · **To what, where:** grass · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Isaiah 40:6 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, mouth, I, flesh), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ISA:841 # text = Hark! one saith: 'Proclaim!' And he saith: 'What shall I proclaim?' 'All flesh is grass, and all the goodliness thereof is as the flower of the field; 1 Hark hark INTJ UH _ 4 discourse _ _ 2 ! ! PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ 3 one one PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 4 nsubj _ _ 4 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 : : PUNCT : _ 7 punct _ _ 6 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 7 punct _ _ 7 Proclaim proclaim VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 ccomp _ _ 8 ! ! PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ 9 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ _ 10 And and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 12 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 13 : : PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 14 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ _ 15 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 18 obj _ _ 16 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 17 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 proclaim proclaim VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 ccomp _ _ 19 ? ? PUNCT . _ 18 punct _ _ 20 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 18 punct _ _ 21 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 25 punct _ _ 22 All all DET DT PronType=Tot 23 det _ _ 23 flesh flesh NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 24 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 cop _ _ 25 grass grass NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 ccomp _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 28 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 30 det:predet _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 goodliness goodliness NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ _ 31 thereof thereof ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 32 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 cop _ _ 33 as as ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 flower flower NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 conj _ _ 36 of of ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 field field NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nmod _ _ 39 ; ; PUNCT : _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: other - act: other - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=other, form=other | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | one | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **proclaim** | infinitive | | | | | | | vn confess-37.10 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | mouth | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **proclaim** | shall | I | | | | | | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme | | 5 | **is a** | present | all flesh | grass and the flower | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **is** | present | all goodliness | | | | | as the flower; of the field | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} ק֚וֹל אֹמֵ֣ר קְרָ֔א וְאָמַ֖ר מָ֣ה אֶקְרָ֑א כָּל־הַבָּשָׂ֣ר חָצִ֔יר וְכָל־חַסְדּ֖וֹ כְּצִ֥יץ הַשָּׂדֶֽה׃ [Isaiah 40:6: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.6/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:841` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Isaiah 40:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.840/) - next →: [Isaiah 40:7 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.842/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 40:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.6/)