--- title: Isaiah 40:22 (JPS 1917) — It is He that sitteth above the circle of the earth, and the inhabit… · tree and pragmatics description: It is He that sitteth above the circle of the earth, and the inhabitants thereof are as grasshoppers; that stretcheth out the heavens as a curtain, and spreadeth them out as a tent to dwell in; Who acts: earth, inhabitants. Isaiah 40:22 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ever --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.861/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/40/) / [40:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.22/) / JPS 1 # Isaiah 40:22 · JPS 1917 It is He that sitteth above the circle of the earth, and the inhabitants thereof are as grasshoppers; that stretcheth out the heavens as a curtain, and spreadeth them out as a tent to dwell in; **Who acts:** earth, inhabitants · **What happens:** be, sit, stretch out, spread out, dwell · **To what, where:** goldsmith, circle, heavens, inhabitants This is Isaiah 40:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (earth, inhabitants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ISA:861 # text = It is He that sitteth above the circle of the earth, and the inhabitants thereof are as grasshoppers; that stretcheth out the heavens as a curtain, and spreadeth them out as a tent to dwell in; 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 0 root _ _ 4 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 5 nsubj _ _ 5 sitteth sit VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl:relcl _ _ 6 above above ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 circle circle NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 inhabitants inhabitant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nsubj _ _ 16 thereof thereof ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 17 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 cop _ _ 18 as as ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 grasshoppers grasshopper NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 conj _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 21 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 22 nsubj _ _ 22 stretcheth stretch VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl:relcl _ _ 23 out out ADP RP _ 22 compound:prt _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 heavens heaven NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ _ 26 as as ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 curtain curtain NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 31 spreadeth spread VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 32 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 obj _ _ 33 out out ADP RP _ 31 compound:prt _ _ 34 as as ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 tent tent NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 37 to to PART TO _ 38 mark _ _ 38 dwell dwell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 36 acl _ _ 39 in in ADP RB _ 38 obl _ _ 40 ; ; PUNCT : _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | earth | goldsmith | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **sit** | present | | | | the circle of the earth | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent above circle=Location | | 3 | **is** | present | the inhabitants | | | | | as grasshoppers | tree rules | | 4 | **stretch out** | present | | the heavens | | | | as a curtain | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent heaven=Patient | | 5 | **spread out** | present | | inhabitants *= inhabitant* | | | | as a tent | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location they=Theme | | 6 | **dwell** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} הַיֹּשֵׁב֙ עַל־ח֣וּג הָאָ֔רֶץ וְיֹשְׁבֶ֖יהָ כַּחֲגָבִ֑ים הַנּוֹטֶ֤ה כַדֹּק֙ שָׁמַ֔יִם וַיִּמְתָּחֵ֥ם כָּאֹ֖הֶל לָשָֽׁבֶת׃ [Isaiah 40:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.22/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:861` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Isaiah 40:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.860/) - next →: [Isaiah 40:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.862/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 40:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.22/)