---
title: Isaiah 41:2 (JPS 1917) — Who hath raised up one from the east, at whose steps victory attende… · tree and pragmatics
description: Who hath raised up one from the east, at whose steps victory attendeth? Who acts: victory. Isaiah 41:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 41:2 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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Who hath raised up one from the east, at whose steps victory attendeth?

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**Who acts:** victory · **What happens:** raise up, attend · **To what, where:** one, east

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This is Isaiah 41:2 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (victory), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:874
# text = Who hath raised up one from the east, at whose steps victory attendeth?
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	raised	raise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	east	east	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
13	victory	victory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	attendeth	attend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: wh-question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **raise up** | present · perfect |  | one |  | the east |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent one=Theme from east=Destination |
| 2 | **attend** | present | victory |  |  |  |  | at steps | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at step=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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מִ֤י הֵעִיר֙ מִמִּזְרָ֔ח צֶ֖דֶק יִקְרָאֵ֣הוּ לְרַגְל֑וֹ יִתֵּ֨ן לְפָנָ֤יו גּוֹיִם֙ וּמְלָכִ֣ים יַ֔רְדְּ יִתֵּ֤ן כֶּֽעָפָר֙ חַרְבּ֔וֹ כְּקַ֥שׁ נִדָּ֖ף קַשְׁתּֽוֹ׃

[Isaiah 41:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.41.2/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **Who hath raised up one from the east, at whose steps victory attendeth?**
2. [He giveth nations before him, and maketh him rule over kings; his sword maketh them as the dust, his bow as the driven stubble.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.875/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:874` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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