---
title: Isaiah 43:9 (JPS 1917) — All the nations are gathered together, and the peoples are assembled… · tree and pragmatics
description: All the nations are gathered together, and the peoples are assembled; who among them can declare this, and announce to us former things? Isaiah 43:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 43:9 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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All the nations are gathered together, and the peoples are assembled; who among them can declare this, and announce to us former things?

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**What happens:** gather, assemble, declare, announce · **To what, where:** nations, peoples, this, former things, us

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This is Isaiah 43:9 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:946
# text = All the nations are gathered together, and the peoples are assembled; who among them can declare this, and announce to us former things?
1	All	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	3	det:predet	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	gathered	gather	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	together	together	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	assembled	assemble	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
14	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	18	nsubj	_	_
15	among	among	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nmod	_	_
17	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	declare	declare	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	_
19	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	obj	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	announce	announce	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
23	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	obl	_	_
25	former	former	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
27	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- indirect: yes
- teacher: changed form=q, act=ask, indirect=1

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gather** | present · passive |  | all nations |  |  |  | together *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **assemble** | present · passive |  | the peoples |  |  |  |  | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **declare** *speech: other* | can |  | this |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Attribute |
| 4 | **announce** *speech: other* | infinitive |  | former things | us |  |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent thing=Theme to we=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כָּֽל־הַגּוֹיִ֞ם נִקְבְּצ֣וּ יַחְדָּ֗ו וְיֵאָֽסְפוּ֙ לְאֻמִּ֔ים מִ֤י בָהֶם֙ יַגִּ֣יד זֹ֔את וְרִֽאשֹׁנ֖וֹת יַשְׁמִיעֻ֑נוּ יִתְּנ֤וּ עֵֽדֵיהֶם֙ וְיִצְדָּ֔קוּ וְיִשְׁמְע֖וּ וְיֹאמְר֥וּ אֱמֶֽת׃

[Isaiah 43:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.43.9/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **All the nations are gathered together, and the peoples are assembled; who among them can declare this, and announce to us former things?**
2. [Let them bring their witnesses, that they may be justified; and let them hear, and say: 'It is truth.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.947/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:946` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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