---
title: Isaiah 43:19 (JPS 1917) — I will even make a way in the wilderness, and rivers in the desert. · tree and pragmatics
description: I will even make a way in the wilderness, and rivers in the desert. Who acts: I. Isaiah 43:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 43:19 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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I will even make a way in the wilderness, and rivers in the desert.

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**Who acts:** I · **What happens:** make · **To what, where:** way, wilderness

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This is Isaiah 43:19 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:958
# text = I will even make a way in the wilderness, and rivers in the desert.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	even	even	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	desert	desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: promise
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=promise

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | future | I | a way and rivers in the desert |  | the wilderness |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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הִנְנִ֨י עֹשֶׂ֤ה חֲדָשָׁה֙ עַתָּ֣ה תִצְמָ֔ח הֲל֖וֹא תֵֽדָע֑וּהָ אַ֣ף אָשִׂ֤ים בַּמִּדְבָּר֙ דֶּ֔רֶךְ בִּֽישִׁמ֖וֹן נְהָרֽוֹת׃

[Isaiah 43:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.43.19/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [Behold, I will do a new thing; now shall it spring forth; shall ye not know it?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.957/)
2. **I will even make a way in the wilderness, and rivers in the desert.**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:958` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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