---
title: Isaiah 44:4 (JPS 1917) — And they shall spring up among the grass, as willows by the watercou… · tree and pragmatics
description: And they shall spring up among the grass, as willows by the watercourses. Who acts: spirit. Isaiah 44:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 44:4 · JPS 1917

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And they shall spring up among the grass, as willows by the watercourses.

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**Who acts:** spirit · **What happens:** spring up · **To what, where:** grass

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This is Isaiah 44:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spirit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:972
# text = And they shall spring up among the grass, as willows by the watercourses.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	spring	spring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADV	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	among	among	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	willows	willow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	watercourses	watercourse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spring up** | shall | spirit |  |  | the grass |  | as willows by the watercourses | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among grass=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְצָמְח֖וּ בְּבֵ֣ין חָצִ֑יר כַּעֲרָבִ֖ים עַל־יִבְלֵי־מָֽיִם׃

[Isaiah 44:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:972` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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