---
title: Isaiah 44:16 (JPS 1917) — He burneth the half thereof in the fire; with the half thereof he ea… · tree and pragmatics
description: He burneth the half thereof in the fire; with the half thereof he eateth flesh; he roasteth roast, and is satisfied; yea, he warmeth himself, and saith: 'Aha, I am warm, I have seen the fire'; Who acts: carpenter, I. Isaiah 44:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# Isaiah 44:16 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He burneth the half thereof in the fire; with the half thereof he eateth flesh; he roasteth roast, and is satisfied; yea, he warmeth himself, and saith: 'Aha, I am warm, I have seen the fire';

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**Who acts:** carpenter, I · **What happens:** burn, eat, roast, be, warm, say · **To what, where:** half, fire, flesh, roast, carpenter · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 44:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (carpenter, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:988
# text = He burneth the half thereof in the fire; with the half thereof he eateth flesh; he roasteth roast, and is satisfied; yea, he warmeth himself, and saith: 'Aha, I am warm, I have seen the fire';
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	burneth	burn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
13	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	eateth	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
16	flesh	flesh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
18	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	roasteth	roast	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
20	roast	roast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
24	satisfied	satisfied	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	conj	_	_
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
26	yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	29	discourse	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
28	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	warmeth	warm	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
30	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	29	obj	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	conj	_	_
34	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	_
35	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	40	punct	_	_
36	Aha	aha	INTJ	UH	_	40	discourse	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
38	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj	_	_
39	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	40	cop	_	_
40	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	ccomp	_	_
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
42	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	44	nsubj	_	_
43	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	44	aux	_	_
44	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	40	parataxis	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obj	_	_
47	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	40	punct	_	_
48	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | present | carpenter | the half |  | the fire |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent half=Theme |
| 2 | **eat** | present | carpenter | flesh |  |  |  | with the half | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flesh=Patient |
| 3 | **roast** | present | carpenter | roast |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent roast=Patient |
| 4 | **is** | present | carpenter *not said here* |  |  |  |  | satisfied *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **warm** | present | carpenter | carpenter |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent himself=Patient |
| 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | carpenter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | warm *property* | tree rules |
| 8 | **see** | present · perfect | I | the fire |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fire=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
חֶצְיוֹ֙ שָׂרַ֣ף בְּמוֹ־אֵ֔שׁ עַל־חֶצְיוֹ֙ בָּשָׂ֣ר יֹאכֵ֔ל יִצְלֶ֥ה צָלִ֖י וְיִשְׂבָּ֑ע אַף־יָחֹם֙ וְיֹאמַ֣ר הֶאָ֔ח חַמּוֹתִ֖י רָאִ֥יתִי אֽוּר׃

[Isaiah 44:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:988` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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