---
title: Isaiah 44:17 (JPS 1917) — And the residue thereof he maketh a god, even his graven image; he f… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the residue thereof he maketh a god, even his graven image; he falleth down unto it and worshippeth, and prayeth unto it, and saith: 'Deliver me, for thou art my god.' Who acts: carpenter, thou. Isaiah 44:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 44:17 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the residue thereof he maketh a god, even his graven image; he falleth down unto it and worshippeth, and prayeth unto it, and saith: 'Deliver me, for thou art my god.'

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**Who acts:** carpenter, thou · **What happens:** make, fall down, worship, pray, say, deliver · **To what, where:** residue, me, god · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 44:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (carpenter, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:989
# text = And the residue thereof he maketh a god, even his graven image; he falleth down unto it and worshippeth, and prayeth unto it, and saith: 'Deliver me, for thou art my god.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	residue	residue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
4	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	maketh	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	god	god	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	xcomp	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	even	even	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	graven	graven	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	image	image	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	falleth	fall	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
17	down	down	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
18	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	worshippeth	worship	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	prayeth	pray	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
25	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obl	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
30	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
31	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	32	punct	_	_
32	Deliver	deliver	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	29	ccomp	_	_
33	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
35	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	39	mark	_	_
36	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	39	nsubj	_	_
37	art	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	39	cop	_	_
38	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	god	god	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	advcl	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	32	punct	_	_
41	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	32	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | carpenter | the residue |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent residue=Product |
| 2 | **fall down** | present | carpenter |  |  |  |  | unto image; down *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **worship** | present | carpenter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **pray** | present | carpenter *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto image | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | carpenter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **deliver** | infinitive |  | me |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient |
| 7 | **is a** | present | thou | my god |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **image** |  | carpenter |  |  |  |  |  | nom image «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּשְׁאֵ֣רִית֔וֹ לְאֵ֥ל עָשָׂ֖ה לְפִסְל֑וֹ יִסְגָּד־ל֤וֹ וְיִשְׁתַּ֙חוּ֙ וְיִתְפַּלֵּ֣ל אֵלָ֔יו וְיֹאמַר֙ הַצִּילֵ֔נִי כִּ֥י אֵלִ֖י אָֽתָּה׃

[Isaiah 44:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.17/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:989` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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