--- title: Isaiah 44:19 (JPS 1917) — And none considereth in his heart, neither is there knowledge nor un… · tree and pragmatics description: And none considereth in his heart, neither is there knowledge nor understanding to say: 'I have burned the half of it in the fire; yea, also I have baked bread upon the coals thereof; I have roasted flesh and eaten it; and shall I make the residue thereof an abomination? Who acts: none, I. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (none, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ISA:991 # text = And none considereth in his heart, neither is there knowledge nor understanding to say: 'I have burned the half of it in the fire; yea, also I have baked bread upon the coals thereof; I have roasted flesh and eaten it; and shall I make the residue thereof an abomination? 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 none none PRON NN PronType=Neg 3 nsubj _ _ 3 considereth consider VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 heart heart NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 8 neither neither CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 9 cc _ _ 9 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 10 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 9 expl _ _ 11 knowledge knowledge NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 12 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 13 cc _ _ 13 understanding understanding NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ 14 to to PART TO _ 15 mark _ _ 15 say say VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 acl _ _ 16 : : PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 17 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 20 punct _ _ 18 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 19 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 aux _ _ 20 burned burn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 15 ccomp _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 half half NOUN NN Number=Sing|NumType=Frac 20 obj _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod _ _ 25 in in ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 28 ; ; PUNCT : _ 34 punct _ _ 29 yea yea INTJ UH _ 34 discourse _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 31 also also ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 32 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 33 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 34 baked bake VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 20 conj _ _ 35 bread bread NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obj _ _ 36 upon upon ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 coals coal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obl _ _ 39 thereof thereof ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 40 ; ; PUNCT : _ 43 punct _ _ 41 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 43 nsubj _ _ 42 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 43 aux _ _ 43 roasted roast VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 20 conj _ _ 44 flesh flesh NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 obj _ _ 45 and and CCONJ CC _ 46 cc _ _ 46 eaten eat VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 43 conj _ _ 47 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 46 obj _ _ 48 ; ; PUNCT : _ 52 punct _ _ 49 and and CCONJ CC _ 52 cc _ _ 50 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 52 aux _ _ 51 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 52 nsubj _ _ 52 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 conj _ _ 53 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 54 det _ _ 54 residue residue NOUN NN Number=Sing 52 obj _ _ 55 thereof thereof ADV RB _ 52 advmod _ _ 56 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 57 det _ _ 57 abomination abomination NOUN NN Number=Sing 52 xcomp _ _ 58 ? ? PUNCT . _ 20 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **consider** | present | none | | | carpenter's heart | | | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | none *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **burn** | present · perfect | I | the half of half | | the fire | | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent half=Theme | | 4 | **bake** | present · perfect | I | bread | | | | upon the coals | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Product | | 5 | **roast** | present · perfect | I | flesh | | | | | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent flesh=Patient | | 6 | **eat** | participle | I *not said here* | flesh | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | | 7 | **make** | shall | I | the residue | | | | thereof *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent residue=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְלֹא־יָשִׁ֣יב אֶל־לִבּ֗וֹ וְלֹ֨א דַ֥עַת וְלֹֽא־תְבוּנָה֮ לֵאמֹר֒ חֶצְי֞וֹ שָׂרַ֣פְתִּי בְמוֹ־אֵ֗שׁ וְ֠אַף אָפִ֤יתִי עַל־גֶּחָלָיו֙ לֶ֔חֶם אֶצְלֶ֥ה בָשָׂ֖ר וְאֹכֵ֑ל וְיִתְרוֹ֙ לְתוֹעֵבָ֣ה אֶעֱשֶׂ֔ה לְב֥וּל עֵ֖ץ אֶסְגּֽוֹד׃ [Isaiah 44:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.19/) This verse in JPS 1917: 1. **And none considereth in his heart, neither is there knowledge nor understanding to say: 'I have burned the half of it in the fire; yea, also I have baked bread upon the coals thereof; I have roasted flesh and eaten it; and shall I make the residue thereof an abomination?** 2. [Shall I fall down to the stock of a tree?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.992/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:991` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Isaiah 44:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.990/) - next →: [Isaiah 44:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.992/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 44:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.19/)