--- title: Isaiah 44:23 (JPS 1917) — Sing, O ye heavens, for the LORD hath done it; shout, ye lowest part… · tree and pragmatics description: Sing, O ye heavens, for the LORD hath done it; shout, ye lowest parts of the earth; break forth into singing, ye mountains, O forest, and every tree therein; for the LORD hath redeemed Jacob, and doth glorify Himself in Israel. Who acts: you, LORD. Isaiah 44:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree a --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.996/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/44/) / [44:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.23/) / JPS 1 # Isaiah 44:23 · JPS 1917 Sing, O ye heavens, for the LORD hath done it; shout, ye lowest parts of the earth; break forth into singing, ye mountains, O forest, and every tree therein; for the LORD hath redeemed Jacob, and doth glorify Himself in Israel. **Who acts:** you, LORD · **What happens:** sing, do, shout, break, redeem, glorify · **To what, where:** cloud, singing, Jacob, LORD, Israel This is Isaiah 44:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ISA:996 # text = Sing, O ye heavens, for the LORD hath done it; shout, ye lowest parts of the earth; break forth into singing, ye mountains, O forest, and every tree therein; for the LORD hath redeemed Jacob, and doth glorify Himself in Israel. 1 Sing sing VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 3 O o INTJ UH _ 5 discourse _ _ 4 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 5 nmod _ _ 5 heavens heaven NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 vocative _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 7 for for SCONJ IN _ 11 mark _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 10 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ _ 11 done do VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 1 advcl _ _ 12 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 14 shout shout VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 1 conj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 18 nmod _ _ 17 lowest low ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 18 amod _ _ 18 parts part NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 vocative _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod _ _ 22 ; ; PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 23 break break VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 1 conj _ _ 24 forth forth ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 25 into into ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 singing singing NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 28 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 29 nmod _ _ 29 mountains mountain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 vocative _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 31 O o INTJ UH _ 32 discourse _ _ 32 forest forest NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 35 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 36 det _ _ 36 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj _ _ 37 therein therein ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 38 ; ; PUNCT : _ 43 punct _ _ 39 for for SCONJ IN _ 43 mark _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 43 nsubj _ _ 42 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 43 aux _ _ 43 redeemed redeem VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 23 advcl _ _ 44 Jacob Jacob PROPN NNP Number=Sing 43 obj _ _ 45 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 46 and and CCONJ CC _ 48 cc _ _ 47 doth do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 48 aux _ _ 48 glorify glorify VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 43 conj _ _ 49 Himself himself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 48 obj _ _ 50 in in ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 51 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 48 obl _ _ 52 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | imperative | you *not said here* | | | | | heavens ye *vocative* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **do** | present · perfect | the LORD | cloud | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality | | 3 | **shout** *speech: express* | infinitive | you *not said here* | | | | | lowest parts ye of the earth *vocative* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **break** | infinitive | you *not said here* | | | | | into singing *result*; mountains ye and forest and every tree *vocative*; forth *property* | vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into singing=Result | | 5 | **redeem** | present · perfect | the LORD | Jacob | | | | | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jacob=Theme | | 6 | **glorify** | present · do-support | the LORD *not said here* | LORD | | Israel | | | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} רָנּ֨וּ שָׁמַ֜יִם כִּֽי־עָשָׂ֣ה יְהוָ֗ה הָרִ֙יעוּ֙ תַּחְתִּיּ֣וֹת אָ֔רֶץ פִּצְח֤וּ הָרִים֙ רִנָּ֔ה יַ֖עַר וְכָל־עֵ֣ץ בּ֑וֹ כִּֽי־גָאַ֤ל יְהוָה֙ יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב וּבְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל יִתְפָּאָֽר׃פ [Isaiah 44:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.23/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:996` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Isaiah 44:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.995/) - next →: [Isaiah 44:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.997/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 44:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.23/)