--- title: Isaiah 44:24 (JPS 1917) — Thus saith the LORD, thy Redeemer, and He that formed thee from the… · tree and pragmatics description: Thus saith the LORD, thy Redeemer, and He that formed thee from the womb: I am the LORD, that maketh all things; that stretched forth the heavens alone; that spread abroad the earth by Myself; Who acts: LORD, I. Isaiah 44:24 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.997/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/44/) / [44:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.24/) / JPS 1 # Isaiah 44:24 · JPS 1917 Thus saith the LORD, thy Redeemer, and He that formed thee from the womb: I am the LORD, that maketh all things; that stretched forth the heavens alone; that spread abroad the earth by Myself; **Who acts:** LORD, I · **What happens:** say, form, be, make, stretch, spread · **To what, where:** thee, womb, LORD, things, heavens, earth · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Isaiah 44:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ISA:997 # text = Thus saith the LORD, thy Redeemer, and He that formed thee from the womb: I am the LORD, that maketh all things; that stretched forth the heavens alone; that spread abroad the earth by Myself; 1 Thus thus ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 2 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 6 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 Redeemer Redeemer PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 appos _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 conj _ _ 11 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 12 nsubj _ _ 12 formed form VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 acl:relcl _ _ 13 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 12 obj _ _ 14 from from ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 womb womb NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 17 : : PUNCT : _ 21 punct _ _ 18 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 19 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 cop _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 23 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 24 nsubj _ _ 24 maketh make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 acl:relcl _ _ 25 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 26 det _ _ 26 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ _ 27 ; ; PUNCT : _ 29 punct _ _ 28 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 29 nsubj _ _ 29 stretched stretch VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 acl:relcl _ _ 30 forth forth ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 heavens heaven NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obj _ _ 33 alone alone ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 34 ; ; PUNCT : _ 36 punct _ _ 35 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 36 nsubj _ _ 36 spread spread VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 acl:relcl _ _ 37 abroad abroad ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 40 by by ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 Myself myself PRON PRP Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 36 obl _ _ 42 ; ; PUNCT : _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=character, act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD | | | | | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **form** | past | | thee | | the womb | | | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent thou=Result from womb=Material | | 3 | **is a** | present | I | the LORD | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **make** | present | the LORD | all things | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset thing=Product | | 5 | **stretch** | past | the LORD | the heavens | | | | alone, forth *property* | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent heaven=Patient | | 6 | **spread** | past | the LORD | the earth | | | | by Myself; abroad *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent earth=Theme by myself=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ גֹּאֲלֶ֔ךָ וְיֹצֶרְךָ֖ מִבָּ֑טֶן אָנֹכִ֤י יְהוָה֙ עֹ֣שֶׂה כֹּ֔ל נֹטֶ֤ה שָׁמַ֙יִם֙ לְבַדִּ֔י רֹקַ֥ע הָאָ֖רֶץ מֵאִתִּֽי׃ [Isaiah 44:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.24/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:997` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Isaiah 44:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.996/) - next →: [Isaiah 44:25 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.998/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 44:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.24/)