---
title: Judges 1:13 (JPS 1917) — And Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother, took it; and… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother, took it; and he gave him Achsah his daughter to wife. Who acts: Othniel. Judges 1:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Judges 1:13 · JPS 1917

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And Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother, took it; and he gave him Achsah his daughter to wife.

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**Who acts:** Othniel · **What happens:** take, give · **To what, where:** name, Achsah, Caleb

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This is Judges 1:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Othniel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:12
# text = And Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother, took it; and he gave him Achsah his daughter to wife.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
2	Othniel	Othniel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Kenaz	Kenaz	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	Caleb	Caleb	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	_
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	amod	_	_
11	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	iobj	_	_
20	Achsah	Achsah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	appos	_	_
23	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | Othniel | name |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 2 | **give** | past | Othniel | Achsah | Caleb |  |  | to wife | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient achsah=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַֽיִּלְכְּדָהּ֙ עָתְנִיאֵ֣ל בֶּן־קְנַ֔ז אֲחִ֥י כָלֵ֖ב הַקָּטֹ֣ן מִמֶּ֑נּוּ וַיִּתֶּן־ל֛וֹ אֶת־עַכְסָ֥ה בִתּ֖וֹ לְאִשָּֽׁה׃

[Judges 1:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.1.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:12` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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