--- title: Judges 5:23 (JPS 1917) — 'Curse ye Meroz', said the angel of the LORD, 'Curse ye bitterly the… · tree and pragmatics description: 'Curse ye Meroz', said the angel of the LORD, 'Curse ye bitterly the inhabitants thereof, because they came not to the help of the LORD, to the help of the LORD against the mighty.' Who acts: ye, angel, inhabitants. Judges 5:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.147/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/5/) / [5:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.5.23/) / JPS 1 # Judges 5:23 · JPS 1917 'Curse ye Meroz', said the angel of the LORD, 'Curse ye bitterly the inhabitants thereof, because they came not to the help of the LORD, to the help of the LORD against the mighty.' **Who acts:** ye, angel, inhabitants · **What happens:** curse, say, not come, help · **To what, where:** Meroz, inhabitants, help, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Judges 5:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, angel, inhabitants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JDG:147 # text = 'Curse ye Meroz', said the angel of the LORD, 'Curse ye bitterly the inhabitants thereof, because they came not to the help of the LORD, to the help of the LORD against the mighty.' 1 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ _ 2 Curse curse VERB VBP Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 6 ccomp _ _ 3 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 2 nsubj _ _ 4 Meroz Meroz PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 ', ', PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ 6 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 angel angel NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 13 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 14 punct _ _ 14 Curse curse VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 6 ccomp _ _ 15 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 14 nsubj _ _ 16 bitterly bitterly ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 inhabitants inhabitant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 19 thereof thereof ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 because because SCONJ IN _ 23 mark _ _ 22 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 23 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 advcl _ _ 24 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 23 advmod _ _ 25 to to ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 help help NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 28 of of ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 nmod _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 32 to to ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 help help NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 nmod _ _ 38 against against ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 mighty mighty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 nmod _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ 42 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **curse** | present | ye | Meroz | | | | | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meroz=Theme | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the angel of the LORD | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **curse** | infinitive | ye | the inhabitants | | | | bitterly *property* | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent inhabitant=Theme | | 4 | **not** **come** | past | inhabitants *= inhabitant* | | | the help of the LORD | | to the help of the LORD against the mighty | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme to help=Initial\_Location to help=Destination | | 5 | **help** | | | the LORD | | | | | nom help «act transitive»: of=patient | | 6 | **help** | | | the LORD | | | | | nom help «act transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} א֣וֹרוּ מֵר֗וֹז אָמַר֙ מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֔ה אֹ֥רוּ אָר֖וֹר יֹשְׁבֶ֑יהָ כִּ֤י לֹֽא־בָ֙אוּ֙ לְעֶזְרַ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה לְעֶזְרַ֥ת יְהוָ֖ה בַּגִּבּוֹרִֽים׃ [Judges 5:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.5.23/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:147` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Judges 5:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.146/) - next →: [Judges 5:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.148/) - ↑ back to [Judges 5:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.5.23/)