---
title: Judges 1:16 (JPS 1917) — And the children of the Kenite, Moses' father-in-law, went up out of… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the children of the Kenite, Moses' father-in-law, went up out of the city of palm-trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which is in the south of Arad; and they went and dwelt with the people. Who acts: children, wilderness. Judges 1:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tre
---

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# Judges 1:16 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the children of the Kenite, Moses' father-in-law, went up out of the city of palm-trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which is in the south of Arad; and they went and dwelt with the people.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** children, wilderness · **What happens:** go up, be, go, dwell · **To what, where:** city, south

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Judges 1:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (children, wilderness), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:15
# text = And the children of the Kenite, Moses' father-in-law, went up out of the city of palm-trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which is in the south of Arad; and they went and dwelt with the people.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Kenite	Kenite	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	'	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	_
14	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
16	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
17	up	up	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	_
18	out	out	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	palm	palm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
24	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	23	punct	_	_
25	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	_
26	with	with	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
31	into	into	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
37	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	41	nsubj	_	_
38	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	41	cop	_	_
39	in	in	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	south	south	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	acl:relcl	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	Arad	Arad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	41	nmod	_	_
44	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	47	punct	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
46	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	47	nsubj	_	_
47	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
49	dwelt	dwell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	47	conj	_	_
50	with	with	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
51	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
52	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	49	obl	_	_
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go up** | past | the children of the Kenite |  |  | the city of palm trees |  | with the children of Judah; into the wilderness of Judah | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **is** | present | the wilderness of Judah |  |  | the south |  | of Arad | tree rules |
| 3 | **go** | past | children *= child* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **dwell** | past | children *= child* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with the people | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with people=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּבְנֵ֣י קֵינִי֩ חֹתֵ֨ן מֹשֶׁ֜ה עָל֨וּ מֵעִ֤יר הַתְּמָרִים֙ אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה מִדְבַּ֣ר יְהוּדָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּנֶ֣גֶב עֲרָ֑ד וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב אֶת־הָעָֽם׃

[Judges 1:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.1.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:15` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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