---
title: Judges 7:3 (JPS 1917) — Now therefore make proclamation in the ears of the people, saying: W… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now therefore make proclamation in the ears of the people, saying: Whosoever is fearful and trembling, let him return and depart early from mount Gilead.' And there returned of the people twenty and two thousand; and there remained ten thousand. Who acts: you, Whosoever, hand, twenty thousand. Judge
---

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# Judges 7:3 · JPS 1917

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Now therefore make proclamation in the ears of the people, saying: Whosoever is fearful and trembling, let him return and depart early from mount Gilead.' And there returned of the people twenty and two thousand; and there remained ten thousand.

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**Who acts:** you, Whosoever, hand, twenty thousand, ten thousand · **What happens:** make, say, be, tremble, let, return · **To what, where:** proclamation, ears, hand, mount Gilead · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Judges 7:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Whosoever, hand, twenty thousand), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:201
# text = Now therefore make proclamation in the ears of the people, saying: Whosoever is fearful and trembling, let him return and depart early from mount Gilead.' And there returned of the people twenty and two thousand; and there remained ten thousand.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	proclamation	proclamation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
14	Whosoever	whosoever	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	fearful	fearful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	ccomp	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	trembling	tremble	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	conj	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	12	ccomp	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	depart	depart	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	_
25	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	24	advmod	_	_
26	from	from	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	mount	mount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	Gilead	Gilead	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
30	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
31	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	33	expl	_	_
33	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obl	_	_
37	twenty	twenty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	40	compound	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	37	conj	_	_
40	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	33	nsubj	_	_
41	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	44	punct	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
43	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	44	expl	_	_
44	remained	remain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
45	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	46	compound	_	_
46	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	44	nsubj	_	_
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | imperative | you *not said here* | proclamation |  | the ears of the people | now | therefore *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset proclamation=Product |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **is** | present | Whosoever |  |  |  |  | fearful *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **tremble** | gerund | Whosoever *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **let** | infinitive |  | hand |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **return** | infinitive | hand *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **depart** | infinitive | hand *not said here* |  |  | mount Gilead |  | early *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from gilead=Initial\_Location |
| 8 | **return** | past | twenty thousand |  |  | there |  | of the people | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme of people=Initial\_Location |
| 9 | **remain** | past | ten thousand |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְעַתָּ֗ה קְרָ֨א נָ֜א בְּאָזְנֵ֤י הָעָם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר מִֽי־יָרֵ֣א וְחָרֵ֔ד יָשֹׁ֥ב וְיִצְפֹּ֖ר מֵהַ֣ר הַגִּלְעָ֑ד וַיָּ֣שָׁב מִן־הָעָ֗ם עֶשְׂרִ֤ים וּשְׁנַ֙יִם֙ אֶ֔לֶף וַעֲשֶׂ֥רֶת אֲלָפִ֖ים נִשְׁאָֽרוּ׃ס

[Judges 7:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.7.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:201` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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