---
title: Judges 7:12 (JPS 1917) — Now the Midianites and the Amalekites and all the children of the ea… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now the Midianites and the Amalekites and all the children of the east lay along in the valley like locusts for multitude; and their camels were without number, as the sand which is upon the sea-shore for multitude. Who acts: Midianites, camels, sand. Judges 7:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree
---

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# Judges 7:12 · JPS 1917

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Now the Midianites and the Amalekites and all the children of the east lay along in the valley like locusts for multitude; and their camels were without number, as the sand which is upon the sea-shore for multitude.

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**Who acts:** Midianites, camels, sand · **What happens:** lie along, be · **To what, where:** valley

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This is Judges 7:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Midianites, camels, sand), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:210
# text = Now the Midianites and the Amalekites and all the children of the east lay along in the valley like locusts for multitude; and their camels were without number, as the sand which is upon the sea-shore for multitude.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	14	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Midianites	midianite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Amalekites	amalekite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	10	det:predet	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	east	east	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	along	along	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
19	like	like	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	locusts	locust	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
21	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	multitude	multitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
25	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	camels	camel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nsubj	_	_
27	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
28	without	without	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	as	as	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
34	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	40	nsubj	_	_
35	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	40	cop	_	_
36	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
38	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	compound	_	_
39	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	38	punct	_	_
40	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	acl:relcl	_	_
41	for	for	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	multitude	multitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	nmod	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie along** | past | the Midianites and the Amalekites and all children of the east |  |  | the valley | now | like locusts; for multitude; along *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in valley=Location |
| 2 | **is** | past | Midianites's camels |  |  |  |  | without number; as the sand | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | the sand |  |  |  |  | upon the sea shore; for multitude | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וּמִדְיָ֨ן וַעֲמָלֵ֤ק וְכָל־בְּנֵי־קֶ֙דֶם֙ נֹפְלִ֣ים בָּעֵ֔מֶק כָּאַרְבֶּ֖ה לָרֹ֑ב וְלִגְמַלֵּיהֶם֙ אֵ֣ין מִסְפָּ֔ר כַּח֛וֹל שֶׁעַל־שְׂפַ֥ת הַיָּ֖ם לָרֹֽב׃

[Judges 7:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.7.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:210` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Judges 7:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.209/)
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