---
title: Judges 8:4 (JPS 1917) — And Gideon came to the Jordan, and passed over, he, and the three hu… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Gideon came to the Jordan, and passed over, he, and the three hundred men that were with him, faint, yet pursuing. Who acts: Gideon, hundred men. Judges 8:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Judges 8:4 · JPS 1917

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And Gideon came to the Jordan, and passed over, he, and the three hundred men that were with him, faint, yet pursuing.

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**Who acts:** Gideon, hundred men · **What happens:** come, pass over, be, pursue · **To what, where:** Jordan

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This is Judges 8:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gideon, hundred men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:228
# text = And Gideon came to the Jordan, and passed over, he, and the three hundred men that were with him, faint, yet pursuing.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Gideon	Gideon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Jordan	Jordan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	over	over	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
16	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	compound	_	_
17	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
18	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
19	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
20	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	acl:relcl	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	yet	yet	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	pursuing	pursue	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	24	conj	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Gideon |  |  | the Jordan |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to jordan=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **pass over** | past | Gideon |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | the hundred men |  |  |  |  | with God | tree rules |
| 4 | **pursue** | gerund | Gideon *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיָּבֹ֥א גִדְע֖וֹן הַיַּרְדֵּ֑נָה עֹבֵ֣ר ה֗וּא וּשְׁלֹשׁ־מֵא֤וֹת הָאִישׁ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֔וֹ עֲיֵפִ֖ים וְרֹדְפִֽים׃

[Judges 8:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.8.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:228` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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