---
title: Judges 1:23 (JPS 1917) — And the house of Joseph sent to spy out Beth-el — now the name of th… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the house of Joseph sent to spy out Beth-el — now the name of the city beforetime was Luz. Who acts: house, name. Judges 1:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Judges 1:23 · JPS 1917

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And the house of Joseph sent to spy out Beth-el — now the name of the city beforetime was Luz.

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**Who acts:** house, name · **What happens:** send, spy out, be, name · **To what, where:** Beth el, Luz, city

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This is Judges 1:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (house, name), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:23
# text = And the house of Joseph sent to spy out Beth-el — now the name of the city beforetime was Luz.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Joseph	Joseph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	spy	spy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	Beth	Beth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	_
12	el	El	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
13	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
14	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	22	advmod	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
20	beforetime	beforetime	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
21	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	Luz	Luz	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | the house of Joseph |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **spy out** | to-infinitive | the house of Joseph *not said here* | Beth el |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer el=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is a** | past | the name of the city | Luz |  |  | now | beforetime *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **name** |  |  | the city |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּתִ֥ירוּ בֵית־יוֹסֵ֖ף בְּבֵֽית־אֵ֑לבֵֽית־אֵ֑ל וְשֵׁם־הָעִ֥יר לְפָנִ֖ים לֽוּז׃

[Judges 1:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.1.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:23` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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